2018, Number 3
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Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd 2018; 37 (3)
The multifunctional stellate cell of the liver and its role in hepatic fibrosis
Herrera BAJ, Ruiz CHJ, Borroto LA
Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 1-11
PDF size: 323.80 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The understanding of the stellate cell of the liver and its participation
in hepatic fibrosis has emerged with the development of research methods that have
made it possible to isolate and characterize it.
Objective: To analyze the most novel aspects of these cells reported by the
literature, deepening their participation in the genesis of hepatic fibrosis. Methods: A
bibliographic search was carried out using search engines: SciELO, Central Pud Med
and Scholar Google; scientific publications of preference of the modality "bibliographic
reviews" were used.
Results: This cell received different names: hepatic pericytes, Ito cells, interstitial
cells, lipocyte. In 1995 the agreement was made to call it "Starry hepatic cell". It
represented 5-8% of liver cells and has a tapered shape, with prolongations, oval
nucleus, moderate rough endoplasmic reticulum, small Golgi apparatus, abundant
lipid droplets, intermediate filaments of cytokeratin. They store vitamin A and
synthesize extracellular matrix, also elaborate several types of growth factors and
cytokines. When it receives an aggressive viral or toxic signal, it is activated by
undergoing a process of trans-differentiation becoming myofibroblasts, increasing its
capacity to synthesize extracellular matrix generating a temporary scar at the site of
damage, with a view to protecting the gland; but if the aggression persists, they
continue to increase in size and cause fibrosis; characterized by the formation of scars
or scars of large size causing disturbance of both the architecture, and the normal
function of the liver.
Conclusions: The star cell is a multifunctional cell, with a leading role in liver fibrosis.
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