2019, Number 3
<< Back Next >>
Rev Mex Anest 2019; 42 (3)
Analgesic recommendations in the perioperative of the elderly adult
Rascón-Martínez DM, Castellanos-Olivares A
Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 175-179
PDF size: 160.36 Kb.
ABSTRACT
The accelerated ageing of the population represents an important challenge for the health sector. In Mexico, the population pyramid has the projection to be modified by the year 2050 and the change has already begun. Estimates from the National Population Council indicate that by the year 2040, one in four people living in our country will be over 60 years. In addition to longevity, surgical services are also increasing therefore, it is necessary to implement analgesia schemes according to this age aging group. The following writing aims to summarize changes occurring with age and presents the analgesic groups with their indication according to the levels of evidence of the National Health and Medical Research Council designation (NHMRC, 1999).
REFERENCES
Reves J, Barnett S, McSwain J, Rooke G (eds). Geriatric Anesthesiology Third Edition. 2018. USA: Springer, Cham.
Leino KA, Kuusniemi KS, Lertola KK, Olkkola KT. Comparison of four pain scales in patients with hip fracture or other lower limb trauma. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2011;55:495-502.
Hadjistavropoulos T, Herr K, Prkachin KM, Craig KD, Gibson SJ, Lukas A, et al. Pain assessment in elderly adults with dementia. Lancet Neurol. 2014;13:1216-1227.
Perry G. Fine. Treatment Guidelines for the Pharmacological Management of Pain in Older Persons. Pain Medicine. 2012;13:S57-S66.
Bates DW, Cullen DJ, Laird N, Petersen LA, Small SD, Servi D, et al. Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events: implications for prevention. ADE Prevention Study Group. JAMA. 1995;274:29-34.
Carli F, Phil M, Mayo N, Klubien K, Schricker T, Trudel J. Epidural analgesia enhances functional exercise capacity and health related quality of life after colonic surgery. Results of a randomized trial. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:540-549.
American Geriatrics Society & Persons PoPMoPPiO. Pharmacological management of persistent pain in older persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2009;57:1331-1346.
Mitchell SJ, Hilmer SN, Murnion BP, Matthews S. Hepatotoxicity of therapeutic short-course paracetamol in hospital inpatients: impact of ageing and frailty. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2011;36:327-335.
Pilotto A, Franceschi M, Leandro G, Paris F, Niro V, Longo MG, et al. The risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in elderly users of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: the role of gastroprotective drugs. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2003;15:494-499.
Burkhardt H, Bruckner D, Gladisch R. Risk factors of worsening renal function in hospitalized elderly patients. J Nephrol. 2005;18:166-173.
Gnjidic D, Blyth FM, Le Couteur DG, Cumming RG, McLachlan AJ, Handelsman DJ, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in older people: prescribing patterns according to pain prevalence and adherence to clinical guidelines. Pain. 2014;155:1814-1820.
Jarupongprapa S, Ussavasodhi P, Katchamart W. Comparison of gastrointestinal adverse effects between cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and non-selective, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs plus proton pump inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J 14. Gastroenterol. 2013;48:830-838.
Munsterhjelm E, Niemi TT, Ylikorkala O, Neuvonen PJ, Rosenberg PH. Influence on platelet aggregation of I.V. Parecoxib and acetaminophen in healthy volunteers. Br J Anaesth. 2006;97:226-231.
Zhang J, Ding EL, Song Y. Adverse effects of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors on renal and arrhythmia events: metaanalysis of randomized trials. JAMA. 2006;296:1619-1632.
Trelle S, Reichenbach S, Wandel S, Hildebrand P, Tschannen B, Villiger PM. Cardiovascular safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2011;342:c7086.
Solomon DH, Rassen JA, Glynn RJ, Lee J, Levin R, Schneeweiss S. The comparative safety of analgesics in older adults with arthritis. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170:1968-1976.
Gagliese L, Jackson M, Ritvo P, Wowk A, Katz J. Age is not an impediment to effective use of patient-controlled analgesia by surgical patients. Anesthesiology. 2000;93:601-610.
Macintyre PE & Upton R. Acute pain management in the elderly patient. In: Clinical Pain Management: Acute Pain 2nd edn. Macintyre PE, Walker SM and Rowbotham DJ (eds). 2008 London, Hodder Arnold.
Schug SA, Palmer GM, Scott DA, Halliwell R, & Trinca J. Acute pain management: scientific evidence, 2015. Medical Journal of Australia. 2016:204:551.
Hunold KM, Esserman DA, Isaacs CG, Dickey RM, Pereira GF, Fillingim RB. Side effects from oral opioids in older adults during the first week of treatment for acute musculoskeletal pain. Acad Emerg Med. 2013;20:872-879.
Daykin H. The efficacy and safety of intravenous lidocaine for analgesia in the older adult: a literature review. Br J Pain. 2016;11:23-31.
Guay DR. Pregabalin in neuropathic pain: a more “pharmaceutically elegant” gabapentin? Am J Geriatr Pharmacother. 2005;3:274-287.
Popping DM, Elia N, Van Aken HK, Marret E, Schug SA, Kranke P, et al. Impact of epidural analgesia on mortality and morbidity after surgery: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Surg. 2014;259:1056-1067.
Simon MJ, Veering BT, Vletter AA, Stienstra R, van Kleef JW, Burm AG. The effect of age on the systemic absorption and systemic disposition of ropivacaine after epidural administration. Anesth Analg. 2006;102:276-282.
Li Y, Zhu S, Bao F, Xu J, Yan X, Jin X. The effects of age on the median effective concentration of ropivacaine for motor blockade after epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine. Anesth Analg. 2006;102:1847-1850.
Simon MJ, Veering BT, Stienstra R, van Kleef JW, Burm AG. The effects of age on neural blockade and hemodynamic changes after epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine. Anesth Analg. 2002; 94(5): 1325-1330.
Mann C, Pouzeratte Y, Boccara G, Peccoux C, Vergne C, Brunat G, et al. Comparison of intravenous or epidural patient-controlled analgesia in the elderly after major abdominal surgery. Anesthesiology. 2000; 92:433-441.
Blay M, Orban JC, Rami, Gindre S, Chambeau R, Batt M, et al. Efficacy of low-dose intrathecal morphine for postoperative analgesia after abdominal aortic surgery: a double-blind randomized study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2006;31:127-133.
Murphy PM, Stack D, Kinirons B, Laffey JG.Optimizing the dose of intrathecal morphine in older patients undergoing hip arthroplasty. Anesth Analg. 2003;97:1709-1715.
Hanks RK, Pietrobon R, Nielsen KC, Steele SM, Tucker M, Warner DS, et al. The effect of age on sciatic nerve block duration. Anesth Analg. 2006;102:588-592.
Halaszynski TM. Pain management in the elderly and cognitively impaired patient: the role of regional anesthesia and analgesia. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2009;22:594-599.
http://pain-out.med.uni-jena.de