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Revista Médica Sinergia

2019, Number 04

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Revista Médica Sinergia 2019; 4 (04)

New evidence on diagnosis and treatment of gestacional diabetes mellitus

Espinoza AA, Fernández VR

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 41-54
PDF size: 316.51 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Gestational diabetes mellitus is a condition in which carbohydrate intolerance develops and is diagnosed for the first time in pregnancy without a clear pre-existence of type 1 or type 2 diabetes. It is a pathology of great importance due to its increasing prevalence and association to maternal, fetal and/or neonatal complications that affect multiple areas of medicine and the community. Although there is still controversy regarding its diagnosis, multiple studies recommend a 2- step method based on a 50-gram oral glucose screen and then a 3- hour glucose tolerance test with a 100-gram glucose ingestion in those women that present a positive screening. The mainstay of the treatment will consist of healthy diet and positive lifestyles. For those patients that require pharmacological treatment, the main entity will continue to be insulin, though one may also use metformin as a viable alternative. There is still much to explore and determine in this complex pathology, in order to achieve consensus between the different guidelines and obtain the best recommendations for the population worldwide.


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