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2017, Number 1

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Enf Infec Microbiol 2017; 37 (1)

Staphylococcus spp biofilm: structure, genetics and control

Constanza ML, Pinilla G, Navarrete J

Language: Spanish
References: 92
Page: 18-29
PDF size: 563.28 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus sp. are human commensals, some species are pathogens, with increased expression of a series of virulence factors by means of a cell-cell communication mechanism called quorum sensing. Biofilm formation is facilitate through three steps: first, the bacteria secretes a wide variety of surface proteins of cell adhesion; second, the microorganisms organize themselves in small aggregates until an extracellular matrix is formed, whose principal component is the polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA); and lastly, there are a dissemination and colonization of pathogens in new surfaces during the infectious processes. This structure limits the diffusion of antibiotics and increases bacterial resistance ten to one thousand times more. Therefore, the antimicrobial therapy usually requires high doses for prolonged periods, and in some circumstances, the treatment is unsuccessful. New compounds of a natural, synthetic, or biological origin have been produced to inhibit or impede biofilm formation.


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