2017, Number 4
Perioperative variables that influence the morbidity and mortality of hip fracture operated patients
Language: Spanish
References: 31
Page: 313-326
PDF size: 262.87 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Hip fracture is a common cause of hospitalization, occupies a leading place in morbidity and mortality due to orthopedic disease.Objective: To identify the perioperative variables that influence the morbidity and mortality of the patients who undergo hip fracture surgery at the Central Military Hospital "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay".
Methods: a retrospective, analytical study was conducted in 135 patients surgically intervened between January and December 2014. They were divided into two groups for statistical analysis, deceased and alive. The variables studied were: cause of death, postoperative mortality rates, clinical and surgical prognostic factors of death and main complications.
Results: The mortality rate at 30 days after surgery was 2.2% and 17.8% a year later. The main causes of death were acute myocardial infarction (45.8%) and pulmonary thrombus embolism (16.7%). The probability of dying due to ischemic heart disease or physical state ASA 4 was eight times higher, five times more if they had anemia, four times higher if they received general anesthesia, intraoperative blood transfusion or postoperative complication, three times higher in those patients ASA 3 and blood loss greater than 500 mL, and it increases if the hospitalization exceeds seven days. The most frequent complications were anemia (33.3%) and hypotension (16.7%).
Conclusions: A history of ischemic heart disease, preoperative anemia, high physical status classification, use of general anesthesia, blood loss greater than 500 mL, use of blood transfusions, stay of more than seven days and appearance of postoperative complications.
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