Cabrera-Rode E, Parlá SJ, Olo NJ, Lezcano RSE, Rodríguez AJ, Echevarría VR, Álvarez ÁA, Cubas DI

Language: Spanish
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ABSTRACT

Background: in recent years there has been a debate about the role of uric acid as an independent marker of cardiovascular risk and as a possible component of the metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese people.
Objective: to demonstrate the association between uric acid concentrations and overall cardiovascular risk, and its connection with some components of the metabolic syndrome in overweight and obese people.
Methods: a transversal descriptive, observational study was carried out based on 350 subjects aged from 19 to 70 years who were consecutively recruited from a consultation for overweight and obese people. Sociodemographic variables, personal pathological history, anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were studied, as well as glucose, insulin, lipids, creatinine and uric acid concentrations. The overall cardiovascular risk was assessed using Gaziano tables, which do not use laboratory analysis.
Results: the frequency of moderate/high overall cardiovascular risk was 20.6 % (72/350). Individuals with moderate/high overall cardiovascular risk were older, had increased conicity and systolic blood pressure, as well as higher glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine and uric acid levels than individuals with low overall cardiovascular risk. The frequency of people with uric acid concentrations greater than or equal to the 50th percentile (296.5 women and 365.0 men) was higher in individuals with moderate/high overall cardiovascular risk (62.5 % [45/72]) than in those with low global cardiovascular risk (47.12 % [131/278], p= 0.014). Of the subjects with hyperuricemia, 31.5 % (23/73) presented moderate/high overall cardiovascular risk, whereas, in individuals without hyperuricemia, the frequency of moderate/high overall cardiovascular risk was low (17.7 % [ 49/277], p= 0.014).
Conclusions: the increase in uric acid concentrations was associated with an increased overall cardiovascular risk. Subjects with moderate/high overall cardiovascular risk showed elevated levels of most components of the metabolic syndrome, as well as cholesterol and uric acid. The latter could be used as a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease at the primary health care level.