Cabrera RLE, Díaz RL, Fernández NT, Díaz OS, Carrasco MA, García FY, Gama LY, Ortiz GG

Language: Spanish
References: 0
Page: 1-10
PDF size: 120.18 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a public health problem worldwide.
Objective: describe the susceptibility to antibiotics of choice for the treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in samples from hospitalized and community patients.
Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted of positive cultures from the territorial Clinical Microbiology laboratory of the Hygiene and Epidemiology Municipal Center in the municipality of Güines, province of Mayabeque, Cuba, in the period January-December 2016. The study included 33 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 38 Acinetobacter spp. isolates obtained from the following samples: trachealbronchial secretion, blood, and central and peripheral catheters of patients hospitalized in the services of Internal Medicine, Hemodialysis, and adult and pediatric Intensive Care Units of "Aleida Fernández Chardiet" General Hospital, and the Neonatology and Obstetrics services of "Piti Fajardo" Maternal Infant Hospital. Analysis was also conducted of 250 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from pus samples and 250 Escherichia coli isolates from urine samples of community patients. The agar diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility analysis. Reading and interpretation of inhibition haloes followed the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
Results: Pseudomonas aeruginosa displayed 100% resistance to ceftazidime and resistance levels above 60% to piperacillin/tazobactam, colistin, cefepime, meropenem and aminoglycosides. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was 24.2 %. Acinetobacter spp. was found to display high levels of resistance to proven antimicrobial drugs, except doxycycline. 69.6 % Staphylococcus aureus was resistant to methicillin. High resistance percentages were found for penicillin (85.6 %), azithromycin (75.6 %) and erythromycin (65.2 %). Resistance to chloramphenicol was 20%. Escherichia coli displayed resistance levels of 73.6 %; 73.2 % and 64 % to gentamicin, nalidixic acid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, respectively, and sensitivity values of 84 % to nitrofurantoin.
Conclusions: the study isolates were found to display great resistance to most of the antimicrobial agents indicated for the treatment of hospital and community infections.