Gabbai FB, Romero BJE

Language: Spanish
References: 35
Page: 60-67
PDF size: 142.52 Kb.

ABSTRACT

The inhibitors of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) provide a novel therapeutic approach for the management of patients with diabetes mellitus. These agents inhibit the reabsorption of glucose in the proximal tubule and promote significant losses of glucose in the urine. The osmotic diuresis associated with these agents leads to increases in hematocrit, reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and weight loss. Long term studies (EMPA-REG and CANVAS) have demonstrated significant reductions in the relative risk of major cardiovascular complications (death due to cardiovascular cause, non-lethal myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization due to congestive heart failure) and of renal complications (new onset nephropathy, progression of renal disease and albuminuria). These agents are associated with increased risk of genitourinary infections, both bacterial and fungal, and one of them (canagliflozin) with increased risk of amputation and bone fractures. Hypoglycemia is unlikely with these agents; however, there are reports of keto-acidosis. The profile and benefits associated with SGLT2 inhibitors make these agents an ideal drug for the management and reduction of the complications associated with diabetes mellitus.

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