Correa RR, García TR

Language: Spanish
References: 29
Page: 16-22
PDF size: 142.46 Kb.

ABSTRACT

An unknown form of chronic renal disease was described two decades ago in the Pacific coast of Central America, in young males working as sugar cane cutters. In the last few years, this renal disease was named Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN) because it was only found in this particular region of America. The mechanisms of the MeN are unknown, but heat stress and repetitive pictures of dehydration have been studied in human and animal models and could play a role in the pathophysiology of this new disease. Other factors considered were the exposure to agrochemicals and heavy metals used in the fields. In several Mesoamerican communities, MeN has become a very serious public health problem due to the fact that it imposes a great burden in the economy of the local health services as well as in human lives. Is urgent to coordinate efforts to advance in the understanding of this form of renal disease that has become a severe epidemic in this region of the world. It is important to detect, identify and diagnose this disease at an early stage, and to establish treatment programs to prevent and reduce its relentless progression to advanced stages of renal failure.

REFERENCES

1. García-Trabanino R, Aguilar R, Reyes-Silva C, Ortiz-Mercado M, Leiva-Merino R. Nefropatía terminal en pacientes de un hospital de referencia en El Salvador. Rev Panam Salud Pública. 2002; 12 (3): 202-206.

2. Oliver A, Gracia-Trabanino R, Domínguez J, Jansá JM. Proteinuria e insuficiencia renal crónica en la costa de El Salvador: detección con métodos de bajo costo y factores asociados. Nefrología (Madr.). 2005; 25 (1): 31-38.

3. Orantes CM, Herrera R, Almaguer M, Brizuela EG, Hernández CE, Bayarre H et al. Chronic kidney disease and associated risk factors in the Bajo Lempa region of El Salvador: Nefrolempa study, 2009. MEDICC Rev. 2011; 13 (4): 14-22.

4. Peraza S, Wesseling C, Aragon A, Leiva R, García-Trabanino RA, Torres C et al. Decreased kidney function among agricultural workers in El Salvador. Am J Kidney Dis. 2012; 59 (4): 531-540.

5. Domínguez J, Moya-Pérez C, Jansá JM. (2003). Análisis de prevalencia y determinantes de la insuficiencia renal crónica en la costa del Océano Pacífico: Sur de México, Guatemala, El Salvador y Honduras. Agencia Municipal de Salud Pública, Barcelona, Catalunya, España. En: SALTRA, ed. Chronic Kidney Disease: Assessment of Current Knowledge and Feasibility for Regional Research Collaboration in Central America, Section 1, vol. 2, 1st ed. Heredia, Costa Rica: Salud y Trabajo en América Central; 2006. pp. 23-24.

6. Torres C, Aragón A, González M, López I, Jakobsson K, Elinder CG et al. Decreased kidney function of unknown cause in Nicaragua: a community-based survey. Am J Kidney Dis. 2010; 55 (3): 485-496.

7. Correa-Rotter R, Wesseling C, Johnson RJ. CKD of unknown origin in Central America: the case for a Mesoamerican nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014; 63 (3): 506-520.

8. Laux TS, Barnoya J, Guerrero DR, Rothstein M. Dialysis enrollment patterns in Guatemala: evidence of the chronic kidney disease of non-traditional causes epidemic in Mesoamerica. BMC Nephrol. 2015; 16: 54.

9. Gökmen MR, Cosyns JP, Arlt VM, Stiborová M, Phillips DH, Schmeiser HH et al. The epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of aristolochic acid nephropathy: a narrative review. Ann Intern Med. 2013; 158 (6): 469-477.

10. Wesseling C, Crowe J, Hogstedt C, Jakobsson K, Lucas R, Wegman DH et al. Resolving the enigma of the Mesoamerican nephropathy: a research workshop summary. Am J Kidney Dis. 2014; 63 (3): 396-404.

11. Wijkström J, Leiva R, Elinder CG, Leiva S, Trujillo Z, Trujillo L et al. Clinical and pathological characterization of Mesoamerican nephropathy: a new kidney disease in Central America. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013; 62 (5): 908-918.

12. López-Marín L, Chávez Y, García XA, Flores WM, García YM, Herrera R et al. Histopathology of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Salvadoran agricultural communities. MEDICC Rev. 2014; 16 (2): 49-54.

13. Wijkström J, González-Quiroz M, Hernandez M, Trujillo Z, Hultenby K, Ring A et al. Renal morphology, clinical findings, and progression rate in Mesoamerican nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2017; 69 (5): 626-636.

14. Ferreiro A, Álvarez-Estévez G, Cerdas-Calderón M, Cruz-Trujillo Z, Mena E, Reyes M et al. Confirmed clinical case of chronic kidney disease of nontraditional causes in agricultural communities in Central America: a case definition for surveillance. Rev Panam Salud Pública. 2016; 40 (5): 301-308.

15. García-Trabanino R, Hernández C, Rosa A, Domínguez Alonso J, en nombre del Fondo Social de Emergencia para la Salud (FSES) del cantón Tierra Blanca, Departamento de Usulután, El Salvador. Incidencia, mortalidad y prevalencia de enfermedad renal crónica terminal en la región del Bajo Lempa, El Salvador: 10 años de registro comunitario. Nefrologia (Madr.). 2016; 36 (5): 517-522.

16. Ramírez-Rubio O, Brooks DR, Amador JJ, Kaufman JS, Weiner DE, Scammell MK. Chronic kidney disease in Nicaragua: a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with physicians and pharmacists. BMC Public Health. 2013; 13: 350.

17. Roncal-Jiménez C, García-Trabanino R, Barregard L, Lanaspa MA, Wesseling C, Harra T et al. Heat stress nephropathy from exercise-induced uric acid crystalluria: a perspective on Mesoamerican nephropathy. Am J Kidney Dis. 2016; 67 (1): 20-30.

18. Wesseling C, Aragón A, González M, Weiss I, Glaser J, Rivard CJ et al. Heat stress, hydration and uric acid: a cross-sectional study in workers of three occupations in a hotspot of Mesoamerican nephropathy in Nicaragua. BMJ Open. 2016; 6 (12): e011034.

19. Fischer RSB, Vangala C, Truong L, Mandayam S, Chavarría D, Granera-Llanes OM et al. Early detection of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in the genesis of Mesoamerican nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2018; 93 (3): 681-690.

20. Valcke M, Levasseur ME, Soares da Silva A, Wesseling C. Pesticide exposures and chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology: an epidemiologic review. Environ Health. 2017; 16 (1): 49.

21. Ordunez P, Nieto FJ, Martínez R, Soliz P, Giraldo GP, Mott SA et al. Chronic kidney disease mortality trends in selected Central America countries, 1997-2013: clues to an epidemic of chronic interstitial nephritis of agricultural communities. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2018; 72 (4): 280-286.

22. García-Trabanino R, Jarquín E, Wesseling C, Johnson RJ, González-Quiroz M, Weiss I et al. Heat stress, dehydration, and kidney function in sugarcane cutters in El Salvador—A cross-shift study of workers at risk of Mesoamerican nephropathy. Environ Res. 2015; 142: 746-755.

23. Crowe J, Wesseling C, Solano BR, Umaña MP, Ramírez AR, Kjellstrom T et al. Heat exposure in sugarcane harvesters in Costa Rica. Am J Ind Med. 2013; 56 (10): 1157-1164.

24. Roncal-Jiménez CA, Ishimoto T, Lanaspa MA, Rivard CJ, Nakagawa T, Ejaz AA et al. Fructokinase activity mediates dehydration-induced renal injury. Kidney Int. 2014; 86 (2): 294-302.

25. Hilliard LM, Colafella KM, Bulmer LL, Puelles VG, Singh RR, Ow CP et al. Chronic recurrent dehydration associated with periodic water intake exacerbates hypertension and promotes renal damage in male spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sci Rep. 2016; 6: 33855.

26. Roncal-Jiménez C, Lanaspa MA, Jensen T, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Johnson RJ. Mechanisms by which dehydration may lead to chronic kidney disease. Ann Nutr Metab. 2015; 66 Suppl 3: 10-13.

27. Roncal-Jiménez CA, García-Trabanino R, Wesseling C, Johnson RJ. Mesoamerican nephropathy or global warming nephropathy? Blood Purif. 2016; 41 (1-3): 135-138.

28. González-Quiroz M, Pearce N, Caplin B, Nitsch D. What do epidemiological studies tell us about chronic kidney disease of undetermined cause in Meso-America? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Kidney Journal. 2017. [Epub ahead of print]

29. Wang HH, Hung CC, Hwang DY, Kuo MC, Chiu YW, Chang JM et al. Hypokalemia, its contributing factors and renal outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. PLoS One. 2013; 8 (7): e67140.