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2018, Number 3

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Rev Fac Med UNAM 2018; 61 (3)

Ocular allergy

Navarrete-Rodrígueza E, Sienra-Monge JJL, Ureña-Ortiza R

Language: Spanish
References: 50
Page: 7-16
PDF size: 253.38 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Ocular allergy is a group of diseases characterized by inflammation of the ocular conjunctiva and include seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, perennial allergic conjunctivitis, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis and contact blepharoconjunctivitis. It affects approximately 10% of the world population primarily in patients with other allergic diseases. The diagnosis is clinical; it is integrated through the symptoms and the findings discovered during the physical examination.
The main goals of the treatment in allergic conjunctivitis are to minimize and control the signs and symptoms of the dis ease, including the reduction of pruritus, hyperemia and edema of the conjunctiva and eyelids as well as improving the quality of life of the patient. The treatment includes non-pharmacological measures such as avoiding irritant stimuli, the use of artificial tears, the application of cold compresses and medications such as vasoconstrictors, antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, dual acting agents, steroids and immunomodulatory drugs, as well as specific allergen immunotherapy.
Changes triggered by inflammation of the conjunctiva produce mechanical corneal damage and in severe and chronic cases of the disease, corneal damage can result in decreased visual acuity, which results in a decrease in the patient's quality of life.


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