Tamayo RCM, Pajaro MM, Díaz TD, Maren GM, Manet LA, Maceira SS

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 119-132
PDF size: 360.50 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: the Southern Pediatric Hospital is one of the sentinel sites for the surveillance and research of the pneumococcal disease in children under 5 years, which supports the conduction of the present study.
Objective: to describe the clinical, epidemiological and lab aspects of pediatric patients discharged from the Southern Pediatric Hospital, with diagnosis of pneumococcal disease and other related infections.
Methods: a retrospective, ecological and observational study was performed in the 2009-2013 period and included 17 274 patients aged one month to 18 years, who were discharged from hospital and had suffered acute respiratory infections (pneumonia and acute otitis media), meningitis and sepsis related with the criteria of pneumococcal disease and taken as dependent variable. The pneumococcal infection was considered the main independent variable. Age, sex and severity of the clinical picture were covariates. The fatality rate for pneumonia and meningitis, and the percentage frequency distribution of results were calculated.
Results: dependent variables contributed 30.5 % of cases and over 70 % in children younger than 5 years. In the group, 39 % presented with a diagnosis of pneumonia and 0.2 % of isolated pneumococci in microbiological cultures. The frequency of bacterial meningitis was 7.7 % with sepsis in its various stagings (12.1 and 15.1 % of pneumococcal isolates). The fatality rates were 0.12 and 6.06 % for pneumonia and bacterial meningitis, respectively.
Conclusions: the pneumococcal disease and the related infections in breast-fed and preschool children were significant during the study period despite the low frequency of pneumococcal isolates. The fatality rate of bacterial meningitis reveals the importance of the disease as to the prognosis and the severity in deaths for this cause.

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