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2017, Number 1

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Rev Cubana Plant Med 2017; 22 (1)

Antibacterial and larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti L. of extracts from Ambrosia peruviana Willd (altamisa)

Mesa VAM, Naranjo JP, Diez AF, Ocampo O, Monsalve ZL

Language: Spanish
References: 32
Page: 1-11
PDF size: 133.86 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: New technological trends and initiatives are currently being put forth concerning the development of insecticidal products and antimicrobial agents of natural origin, since their bioactive components are selective and biodegradable, and cause fewer adverse effects. The species Ambrosia peruviana Willd. was of great interest to the present study, due to its great biological and ethnobotanical potential.
Objective: Evaluate the larvicidal activity of A. peruviana extracts against Aedes aegypti L., and its antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Methods: Dry plant material (leaves) was processed to obtain five extracts of different polarity in hexane (H), dichloromethane (D), ethyl acetate (A), ethanol (E) and essential oils (AE), which were evaluated for larval growth inhibition with the method recommended by WHO, and for bacterial inhibition with the Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method.
Results: The mortality rate at 24 h and a concentration of 200 ppm was 10 % for all extracts. Examination of the transition of larvae into adults at 144 h and the same concentration revealed a mortality of 100 % with all extracts. On the other hand, the extracts of A. peruviana displayed inhibition capacity against Bacillus cereus Frankland & Frankland and Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn with inhibition haloes for the dichloromethane extract (APExtD) of 10.5 and 15.0 mm in diameter, respectively, whereas no antibacterial activity was found against the strains Serratia marcescens Bizio, Proteus mirabilis Hauser, Enterobacter cloacae (Jordan) Hormaeche & Edwards and Staphylococcus aureus.
Conclusions: This study is the first report of larvicidal activity againstA. aegypti and antibacterial activity against B. cereus and B. subtilis by several extracts of A. peruviana with promising results in these models.


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