Castellanos-Franco TE, Muñoz-Solórzano B, Saucedo-Rodríguez LR, Becerra-Cota MG

Language: Spanish
References: 16
Page: 57-62
PDF size: 586.04 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction. Infectious keratitis is one of the four most common causes of blindness in the world. They are caused by proliferation of bacteria, fungus, virus and/or parasites. Their main characteristic is corneal tissue destruction and inflammation. The incidence of infectious keratitis in the United States is of 11-28 cases per 100.000 persons every year. There are no epidemiologic reports in Mexico. The objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology of infectious keratitis in patients from the western region of Mexico.
Material and Methods. This is a descriptive-retrospective study from March 2016 to march 2017 in the high specialty ophthalmologic unit “Pablo Jiménez Camarena” at the Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde. We included every patient attending ophthalmologic evaluation for clinical settings including one of the following signs or symptoms: ocular pain, bulbar hyperemia, visual acuity disturbances, foreign body sensation, photophobia, lacrimation and definite infectious keratitis diagnosis. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze and present obtained data.
Results. During the period of the study we attended 98 patients with infectious keratitis. There was a male predominance (n=67, 68.3%), the mean age was 47.9 years, ranging from 8 months to 78 years. The most affected eye was the left one in 58 patients (59.1%). The causes of keratitis were: trauma in 31 cases (31.6%), 15 patients had previous topic steroid use (15.3%), 11 cases were associated to lagophtalmos (11.22%), contact lens use was associated to 4 cases, 2 patients had previous PRK surgery and 35 cases had unknown mechanism or etiology. Microbiological isolates were obtained from 8 patients (8%), 5 of them were positive for Staphylococcus and 3 for P. aeruginosa. Despite initial management, there was therapeutic failure and corneal perforation in 42 cases. These patients had to undergo surgical procedures.
Discussion. Numerous patients with infectious keratitis are attended in the high specialty ophthalmologic unit “Pablo Jiménez Camarena” at the Hospital Civil Fray Antonio Alcalde. Despite the use of broad spectrum antibiotics, up to 42.85% of the patients required ophthalmologic surgery to repair corneal perforation. This fact elevates the risk of ocular evisceration and deeply affects the quality of the patients' life and development at work.

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