medigraphic.com
ISSN 0016-3813 (Print)

2002, Number 1

<< Back Next >>

Gac Med Mex 2002; 138 (1)

Anthology of the First Clinical Studies with Hypothalamic Hormones: The Story of a Successful International Collaboration.

Schally AV, Gual C

Language: Spanish
References: 61
Page: 89-100
PDF size: 102.31 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Our early pioneering clinical trials in Mexico with natural and synthetic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LH-RH) also known as gonadotropin releasing hormone (Gn-RH), were reviewed. Highly purified TRH of porcine origin was shown to stimulate Thyrotropin (TSH) release in hypothyroid cretins. Subsequent tests with synthetic TRH also demonstrated significant increases in plasma TSH in normal men and women as well as in patients with primary hypothyroidism and other endocrine disorders. Even more extensive clinical studies were carried out with highly purified natural porcine LH-RH. Subjects with normal basal serum levels of gonadotropins, low levels (men and women pretreated with steroids) and high levels (e.g. post menopausal women) all reponded to LH-RH with a release of LH and FSH. The results of these early studies with the natural LH-RH were confirmed by the use of synthetic LH-RH. These investigations made in Mexico with TRH and LH-RH preceded all other clinical studies by a wide margin. Subsequently various clinical investigations with LH-RH agonists and antagonists were also carried out. All these studies played a major role in introducing hypothalamic-releasing hormones into clinical medicine.


REFERENCES

  1. Schally AV. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogs: Their impact on the control of tumorigenesis. Peptides 1999;20:1247-1262.

  2. Schally AV, Comaru-Schally AM. Hypothalamic and other peptide hormones. In: Cancer Medicine, 5th Edition, edited by Bast RC, Kufe DW, Pollock RE, Weichselbaum RR, Holland JF, Frei III E. PP. 715-729 Lewiston NY, B.C. Decker Inc., 2000.

  3. Schally AV, Nagy A. Cancer chemotherapy based on targeting of cytotoxic peptide conjugates to their receptors on tumors. Eur J Endocrinol 1999;141:1-14.

  4. Nagy A, Schally AV, Armatis P, Szepeshazi K, Halmos G, Kovacs M, Zarandi M, Groot K, Miyazaki M, Jungwirth A, Horvath J. Cytotoxic analogs of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone containing doxorubicin or 2-pyrrolinodoxorubicin, a derivative 500-1000 times more potent. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1996;93:7269-7273.

  5. Chatzistamou I, Schally AV, Nagy A, Armatis P, Szepeshazi K, Halmos G. Effective treatment of metastatic MDA-MD-435 human estrogen independent breast carcinomas with a targeted cytotoxic analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, AN-207. Clinical Cancer Research 2000;6:41584165.

  6. Matsuo H, Baba Y, Nair RMG, Arimura A, Schally AV. Structure of the porcine LH-and FSH-releasing hormone. I. The proposed amino acid sequence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971;43:1334-1339.

  7. Schally AV, Arimura A, Baba Y, Nair RMG, Matsuo H, Redding TW, Debeljuk L, White WF. Isolation and properties of the FSH- and LH-releasing hormone. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971;43:393-399.

  8. Schally AV, Arimura A, Kastin AJ, Matsuo H, Baba Y, Redding TW, Nair RMG, Debeljuk L, White WF. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone: One polypeptide regulates secretion of luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones. Science 1971;173:1036-1038.

  9. Schally AV, Kastin AJ, Arimura A. Hypothalamic FSH and LH-regulating hormone, structure, physiology, and clinical studies. Fertil Steril 1971;22:703-721.

  10. Saffran M, Schally AV. The status of the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF). Neuroendocrinology 1977;24:359-375.

  11. Greep RO. Synthesis and Summary, Chapter 15. In Advances in Neuroendocrinology, edited by AV Nalbandov, PP. 511-517. Urbana, IL. University of Illinois Press, 1963.

  12. Schally AV, Arimura A, Bowers CY, Kastin AJ, Sawano S, Redding TW. Hypothalamic neurohormones regulating anterior pituitary function. In: Recent Progress in Hormone Research Vol. 24, edited by. Astwood EB, pp.497-587, New York, Academic Press, 1968.

  13. Schally AV, Bowers CY, Redding TW, Barrett JF. Isolation of Thyrotropin Releasing Factor (TRF) From Porcine Hypothalamus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1966;25:165-169.

  14. Folkers K, Enzmann F, Bøler J, Bowers CY, Schally AV. Discovery of Modification of the Synthetic Tripeptide-Sequence of the Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone Having Activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, submitted August 8 1969, published September 24, 1969;37:123-126.

  15. Bler J, Enzmann F, Folkers K, Bowers CY, Schally AV. The Identity of Chemical and Hormonal Properties of the Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone and Pyroglutamyl-Histidine-Proline Amide. Biochem Biophys Res Comm, submitted September 22, 1969, published November 6,1969;37:705-710.

  16. Nair RMG, Barreff JF, Bowers CY, Schally AV. Structure of Porcine Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone. Biochemistry 1970;9:1103-1106.

  17. Bowers CY, Schally AV, Enzmann, Bøler J, Folkers K. Porcine Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone is (Pyro) Glu-His-Pro(NH2). Endocrinology 1970;86:1143-1153.

  18. Schally AV, Redding TW, Bowers CY, Barrett JF. Isolation and properties of porcine thyrotropin releasing hormone. J Biol Chem 1969;244:4077-4088.

  19. Burgus R, Dunn TF, Desiderio D, Guillemin R. Structure moleculaire du facteur hypothalamique hypophisiotrope TRF d’origine ovine: mise en evidence par spectrometrie de masse de la sequence PCA His-Pro-NH2. C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris 1969;269:1870-1873.

  20. Burgus R, Dunn TF, Desiderio D, Ward DN, Vale W, Guillemin R. Characterization of ovine hypothalamic hypophysiotropic TSH-releasing factor. Nature, Lond. 1970;226:321-325.

  21. Bowers CY, Schally AV, Hawley WD, Gual C, Parlow A. Effect of thyrotropin-releasing factor in man. J Clin Endocr Metab 1968, received Nov 27,1967. Published JuIy 1968;28:978-982.

  22. Bowers CY, Schally AV, Schalch DS, Gual C, Kastin AJ, Folkers K. Activity and specificity of synthetic thyrotropin-releasing hormone in man. Biochem Biophys Res Commun received March 9, published May 11,1970;39:352-355.

  23. Bowers CY, Schally AV, Kastin AJ, Arimura A, Schalch DS, Gual C, Castañeda E, Folkers K. Synthetic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)-Activity in men and women. Specificity of action, inhibition by triiodothyronine and activity orally. J Med Chem, received December 29, 1970 published June 1971;14:477481.

  24. Gual C, Kastin AJ, Schally AV. Clinical Experience with Hypothalamic Releasing Hormones Part 1. Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone. In: Proceedings of 1971 Laurentian Hormone Conference; Recent Progress in Hormone Research, edited. by EB Astwood 28:173-200, Academic Press, 1972.

  25. Anderson MS, Bowers CY, Kastin A, Schalch DS, Schally AV, Snyder PJ, Utiger RD, Wilber JF, Wise AJ. Synthetic Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH): A Potent Stimulator of Thyrotropin Secretion in Man. N Engl J Med 1971;285:1279-1238.

  26. Hall R, Amos J, Garry R, Buxton RL. Thyroid-stimulating hormone response to synthetic thyrotropin releasing hormone in man. Br Med J 1970;2:274-277.

  27. Fleischer N, Burgus R, Vale W, Dunn T, Guillemin R. Preliminary observations on the effect of synthetic thyrotropin releasing factor on plasma thyrotropin levels in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab July 1970;31:109-112.

  28. Hershman J, Pittman, Jr. J. Response to synthetic thyrotropin-releasing hormone in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1970;31:457-460.

  29. Ormston BJ, Garry R, Cryer RJ, Besser GM, Hall R. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone as a thyroid function test. Lancet 1971;2:10-14.

  30. Jacobs LS, Snyder PJ, Wilber JF, Utiger RD, Daughaday WH. Increased serum prolactin after administration of synthetic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) in man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1971;33:996-998.

  31. Bowers CY, Friesen HC, Hwang P, Guyda HT, Folkers K. Prolactin and thyrotropin release in man by synthetic pyroglutamyl-histidyl-prolinamide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1971;45:1033-1041.

  32. Kastin AJ, Schally AV, Gual C, Midgley AR Jr, Bowers CY, Díaz-Infante Jr. A. Stimulation of LH release in men and women by LH-releasing hormone purified from porcine hypothalamic. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1969;29:1046-1050.

  33. Igarashi A, Yokoto N, Ehara Y, Mayuzumi R, Hirano T, Matsumoto S, Yamasaki M. Clinical effects with partially purified beef hypothalamic FSH-Releasing factor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1968;100:867-870.

  34. Root AW, Smith GP, Dhariwal APS, McCann SM. Luteinizing hormone releasing activity of crude ovine hypothalamic extract in man. Nature (Lond) 1969; 221:570-572.

  35. Kastin AJ, Schally AV, Gual C, Midgley AR Jr., Bowers CY, Gómez-Pérez F. Administration of LH-Releasing Hormone to Selected Human Subjects. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1970;108:177-182.

  36. Kastin AJ, Schally AV, Gual C, Midg ley AR Jr, Miller MC III, Flores F. Increased Release of LH After Administration of LH-RH to Men Pretreated with Clomiphene. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1970;31:689-692.

  37. Kastin AJ, Schally AV, Gual C, Midgley, AR Jr, Miller MC III, Cabeza A. Dose-Response Relationship of LH to LH-Releasing Hormone in Man. J Clin lnvest 1971;50: 1551-1553.

  38. Kastin AJ, Schally AV, Schalch DS, Korenman SG, Miller MC III, Gual C, Pérez-Pasten E. Characterization of Hormonal Responses to Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone (LH-RH) in Prepubertal and Adult Subjects. Pediat Res 1972;6:481-486.

  39. Kastin AJ, Schally AV, González-Bárcena D, Schalch DS, Lee L. Different Responses to Two Hypothalamic Hormones in Acromegalics. Arch Intern Med 1972;130: 923-927.

  40. Kastin AJ, Gual C, Schally AV. Clinical Experience with Hypothalamic Releasing Hormones. Section II: Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone and Other Hypophysiotropic Releasing Hormones. In: Proceedings of 1971 Laurentian Hormone Conference; Recent Progress in Hormone Research edited by EB Astwood 28:201-227, Academic Press, 1972.

  41. Kastin AJ, Schally AV, Gual C, Midgley AR Jr, Arimura A, Miller MC III, Cabeza A. Administration of LH Releasing Hormone of Human Origin to Man. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1971;32:287-289.

  42. Kastin AJ, Zárate A, Midgley AR Jr, Canales ES, Schally AV. Ovulation Confirmed by Pregnancy After Infusion of Porcine LH-RH. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1971;33:980-982.

  43. Kastin AJ, Schally AV, Gual C, Arimura A. Release of LH and FSH After Administration of Synthetic LH-Releasing Hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972;34:753-756.

  44. Arimura A. The backstage story of the discovery of LHRH. Endocrinology 1991;129:1687-1689.

  45. Schally AV, Arimura A, Baba Y, Nair RMG, Matsuo H, Redding TW, Debeljuk L, White WF. Purification and properties of the LH and FSH-releasing hormone from porcine hypothalami. Abstract 53rd meeting Endocrine Society, San Francisco, California June 24-26,1971. Abstract No.55, p. A-70.

  46. Gual C, Kastin AJ, Midgley AR Jr., Flores F. Administration of LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH) as a clinical test of pituitary function. Abstract 53rd meeting Endocrine Society, San Francisco, California June 24-26,1971. Abstract No.171, p. A-128.

  47. Schally AV. Use of GnRH in preference to LH-RH terminology in scientific papers. Human Reproduction 2000;15:2059-2061.

  48. Gual C. Efectos clínicos y usos de la hormona hipotalámica liberadora de gonadotropinas. Anales de Endocrinología y Nutrición Madrid 1972;1:251-276.

  49. Gual C. Clinical effects and uses of hypothalamic releasing factors. In: Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 1973, edited by. W F Ganong and L Martini p.89-131 Oxford University Press, 1973.

  50. Gual C. Induction of ovulation with various regimens of Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone administration. In: Physiology and Genetics of Reproduction, Part A, edited by: E.M. Coutinho and F. Fuchs p.355-370, New York, Plenum Publishing Co. 1974.

  51. Zarate, A., Canales, ES., Schally, A.V., Ayala-Valdes, L. and Kastin, A.J. Successful Induction of Ovulation with Synthetic Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Anovulatory lnfertility. Fertil Steril 1972;23:672-674.

  52. Mortimer CH, McNeilly AS, Fisher RA, Murray MAF, Besser GM. Gonadotropin releasing hormone therapy in hypogondal males with hypothalamic or pituitary dysfunction. Br Med. J 1974;4:617-621.

  53. Schally AV. LH-RH Analogues I: Their impact on reproductive medicine. Gynecological Endocrinology (Special Millennium lssue), December 1999;13:401-409.

  54. González-Bárcena D, Kastin AJ, Coy DH, Nikolics K, Schally AV. Suppression of Gonadotropin Release in Man by an lnhibitory Analogue of LH-Releasing Hormone. Lancet 1977;ii:997-998.

  55. Zárate A, Canales ES, Sthory I, Coy DH, Comaru-Schaliy AM, Schally AV. Anovulatory effect of an LH-RH antagonist in women. Contraception 1981;24:315-320.

  56. González-Bárcena D, Vadillo-Buenfil M, Gómez-Orta F, Fuentes-Garcáa M, Cárdenas-Carnejo I, Graef-Sánchez A, Comaru-Schally AM, Schally AV. Responses to the Antagonistic Analog of LH-RH (SB-75, Cetrorelix) in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hiperplasia and Prostatic Cancer. The Prostate 1994; 24:84-92.

  57. Gónzalez-Bárcena D, Vadillo-Buenfil M, Cortáz-Morales A, Fuentes-García M, Cárdenas-Cornejo I, Comaru-Schally AM, Schaily AV. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist SB-75 (Cetrorelix) as primary single therapy in patients with advanced prostatic cancer and paraplegia due to metastatic invasion of spinal cord. Urology 1995;45:275-281.

  58. Comaru-Schally AM, Brannan W, Schally AV, Colcolough M, Monga M. Efficacy and safety of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist Cetrorelix in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Clin Endocrino Metab 1998;83:3826-3831.

  59. Schally AV, Comaru-Schally AM, Plonowski A, Nagy A, Halmos G, Rekasi Z. Peptide analogs in the Therapy of Prostate Cancer. The Prostate 2000;45:158-166.

  60. Schally AV. Hypothalamic Hormones: From Neuroendocrinology to Cancer Therapy Anti-Cancer Drugs 1994; 5:115-130.

  61. Schally AV, Comaru-Schally AM, Nagy A, Kovacs M, Szepeshazi K, Plonowski A, Varga J, Halmos G. Hypothalamic Hormones and Cancer. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, Invited Review, 2001;22: 1-44.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com