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2016, Number 1

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Rev Med UV 2016; 16 (1)

Taxol generalities : a systematic review

Barrales-Cureño HJ, Farrera RA, Reyes RC, Hernández FIY, García AE, Chávez SS

Language: Spanish
References: 71
Page: 75-91
PDF size: 507.35 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Taxol biosynthesis takes place in the Taxaceae family, a family of the order Cupressales conifers, including Taxus species from all over the world. The biomass of Taxus species containing different compounds such as isoprenoids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and derivatives of phenol. Taxol and analogues are used to treat breast cancer, head, neck, lung and ovarian, among others. Currently, the annual sales of this drug, sold under the name Taxol by Bristol- Myers Squibb, are estimated at 1,600 million dollars. One of the most difficult problems for the production of taxol is due to the low concentrations found in Taxus subspecies. These problems can be solved by four alternative methods for taxol without affecting forests: total synthesis, semi-synthesis from natural precursor of taxol production by fungi or bacteria and in vitro callus culture, plant cells or organs. The main objectives of this scientific review article are: conceptualize the meaning of the taxoids and its importance in the area of human oncology; define the mechanism-specific biological action of taxol; the advantages and disadvantages of alternative biotechnological methods used in the production of taxol such as total chemical synthesis, semi-organic synthesis and by in vitro protoplast culture; and the production of taxadiene synthase enzyme genetically engineered microorganisms; taxol biosynthesis finally with their analogous compounds mentioned.


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