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2017, Number 1

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Rev Mex Anest 2017; 40 (1)

Alterations in temperature and its treatment in the perioperative period

Uriostegui-Santana ML, Nava-López JA, Mendoza-Escoto VM

Language: Spanish
References: 24
Page: 29-37
PDF size: 248.30 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Perioperative is common to find several changes in body temperature ranging from hyperthermia to hypothermia and death. The main central regulator of temperature is the hypothalamic preoptic area, which receives and integrates ascending neural pathways and is responsible for firing the various mechanisms to maintain homeostasis. During the perioperative it is easily lost the balance between production and heat loss, accentuated in major surgeries to one hour. Inadvertent intraoperative hypothermia occurs in up to 20% of patients undergoing surgery. The major complications associated with hypothermia are; inhibition of the coagulation cascade, acid-base imbalance, increased bleeding risk and need for transfusion of blood products, among others. General anesthesia alters the variation of normal temperature (0.2 to 4 °C) so that the compensatory thermoregulatory response to cold soars to 34-35 °C and the response to heat at 38 °C. Preheating the skin has been shown reduce the incidence of hypothermia, the intraoperative hypothermia and postoperative shivering, because it limits the effects of the internal redistribution of heat. The forced-air heating is the most effective technique for rewarming in the perioperative. The aim of this review is to analyze the problems associated with temperature changes in the perioperative and current treatment options.


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