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ISSN 0185-3252 (Print)
Revista de la Asociación Médica del Centro Médico ABC

2016, Number 4

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An Med Asoc Med Hosp ABC 2016; 61 (4)

Severe traumatic brain injury in pediatrics

Oliva MHOM, Maya BDK

Language: Spanish
References: 28
Page: 261-270
PDF size: 241.22 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Head trauma accounts for 6% of childhood accidents. Its importance is given by the possibility of producing brain injury, either primary or secondary. Objectives: To review important aspects of severe head trauma, classification and intensive management in pediatric patients, according to the pathophysiology that involve major changes and factors related to increased intracranial pressure. The initial neuronal damage triggers a series of anatomical, cellular and molecular alterations that perpetuate the injury; inflammatory cells subsequently mediate the damage in secondary injury by increasing inflammatory cytokine that contributes to the activation cascade of inflammation. Increased intracranial pressure will depend on the interaction between the brain, cerebrospinal fluid and blood flow. There are several classifications for assessing the severity of head trauma, based on the Glasgow coma scale. Evaluation is the cornerstone of excellence in patient care to establish the patient’s condition, treatment should be instituted within one hour from the time he suffered the injury. Conclusion: The recommendations for monitoring and management in pediatric patients are just evidence III, missing many randomized controlled trials to have more evidence in the pediatric population.


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