medigraphic.com
ISSN 0016-3813 (Print)

2016, Number 5

<< Back Next >>

Gac Med Mex 2016; 152 (5)

Miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH). Una revisión histórica y anatomopatológica

Márquez MF, Ruíz-Siller TJ, Méndez-Ramos R, Karabut E, Aranda-Fraustro A, Jiménez-Becerra S

Language: Spanish
References: 78
Page: 697-702
PDF size: 523.50 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by the presence of an abnormal hypertrophy of the left ventricle (LV), without dilation, and in the absence of any condition or another cardiac or systemic disease capable of inducing such hypertrophy. This primary or idiopathic hypertrophy can occur with or without dynamic obstruction (induced by exercise) of the LV outflow tract, so in its natural history two fundamental aspects are highlighted: the production of symptoms by blocking the LV outflow tract and the occurrence of sudden cardiac death secondary to ventricular arrhythmias. This revision includes the work of different Iberoamerican investigators, who contributed in an important way to lay the groundwork of what we know nowadays as HCM. It also includes the main anatomopathological characteristics, from its initial description to the new perspective we have concerning the myofiber disarray as the main histopathologic feature.


REFERENCES

  1. Elliott P, Andersson B, Arbustini E, et al. Classification of the cardiomyopathies: a position statement from the european society of cardiology working group on myocardial and pericardial diseases. Eur Heart J. 2007;29(2):270-6.

  2. Méndez A. Cardiomiopatía hipertrófica. En: Cardiología SM de, ed. Tratado de Cardiología. México: Intersistemas S.A. de C.V.; 2004. pp. 424-32.

  3. Schmincke A. Ueber linkseitige muskulöse Conusstenosen 1). DMW - Dtsch Medizinische Wochenschrift. 1907;33(50):2082-3.

  4. Brock R. Functional obstruction of the left ventricle; acquired aortic subvalvar stenosis. Guys Hosp Rep. 1957;106(4):221-38.

  5. Norris RF, Pote HH. Hypertrophy of the heart of unknown etiology in young adults; report of 4 cases with autopsies. Am Heart J. 1946;32(5): 599-611.

  6. Bercu BA, Diettert GA, Danforth WH, Pund EE, Ahlvin RC, Belliveau RR. Pseudoaortic stenosis produced by ventricular hypertrophy. Am J Med. 1958;25(5):814-8.

  7. Teare D. Asymmetrical hypertrophy of the heart in young adults. Br Heart J. 1958;20(1):1-8.

  8. Braunwald E, Lambrew CT, Rockoff SD, Ross J, Morrow AG. Idiopathic Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis. I. A Description of the Disease Based upon an Analysis of 64 Patients. Circulation. 1964;30 Suppl 4:3-119.

  9. Cohen J, Effat H, Goodwin JF, Oakley CM, Steiner RE. Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy. Br Heart J. 1964;26:16-32.

  10. Fishleder BL, Bermudez F, Friedland C. Estenosis subaórtica dinámica. Su diagnóstico clínico y por métodos gráficos externos. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1962;32:430-51.

  11. Bonetti F, Garcia S, Soni J. Estenosis Subaórtica Dinámica. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1965;35:125-36.

  12. Glenny JE, Greco HL, Cossio PR, Kreutzer E, Cossio P. Auscultación cardíaca (IX): Estenosis subaórtica muscular dinámica. Prensa Med Argent. 1965;52(44):2782-6.

  13. Vidne BA, Aygen M, Garti I, Eshkol D, Levy MJ. Tratamiento quirúrgico de las estenosis aórticas subvalvulares. Prensa Med Argent. 1970;57(7):327-33.

  14. Skromne Kadlubik D, Franco Vázquez JS, Portilla Aguilar J, López Cuéllar MR. Dilatación Auricular Derecha y Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica Primaria. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1972;42(5):788-95.

  15. Salazar E, Soriano G, Esquivel J. Estenosis Subaórtica Dinámica. Estudio de 26 casos. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1973;43(5):661-82.

  16. Cueto García L, Ortega Gaytán M, Benítez Bribiesca L, Rodríguez Jurado P, Madrid J. Cardiomiopatía hipertrófica primaria simulando miocarditis del recién nacido. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 1974;31(5): 985-95.

  17. Vallés Belsué F, Martín Judez V, Fernández de Miguel JM, Artaza Andrade M, Márquez Montes J, Maître Azcárate MJ. Cineangiografía en la Miocardiopatía Hipertrófica Obstructiva. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1974;44(4):598-610.

  18. Semsarian C, Ingles J, Wilde AAM. Sudden cardiac death in the young: the molecular autopsy and a practical approach to surviving relatives. Eur Heart J. 2015;36(21):1290-6.

  19. Vassalini M, Verzeletti A, Restori M, De Ferrari F. An autopsy study of sudden cardiac death in persons aged 1-40 years in Brescia (Italy). J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2016;17(6):446-53.

  20. Kocovski L, Fernandes J. Sudden Cardiac Death: A Modern Pathology Approach to Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015;139(3):413-6.

  21. Corrado D, Basso C, Schiavon M, Thiene G. Screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(6):364-9.

  22. Aranda A, Soto V. Alteraciones estructurales de las miocardiopatías. Arch Cardiol Mex. 2004;74(s2):334-7.

  23. De Micheli A, Medrano GA, Aranda A. Aspectos eléctricos de la hipertrofia del corazón izquierdo. Arch Cardiol Mex. 2003;73(2):135-42.

  24. Hughes SE. The pathology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Histopathology. 2004;44(5):412-27.

  25. Maron BJ, Wolfson JK, Epstein SE, Roberts WC. Intramural (“small vessel”) coronary artery disease in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986;8(3):545-57.

  26. Klues HG, Roberts WC, Maron BJ. Anomalous insertion of papillary muscle directly into anterior mitral leaflet in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Significance in producing left ventricular outflow obstruction. Circulation. 1991;84(3):1188-97.

  27. Hagège AA, Bruneval P, Levine RA, Desnos M, Neamatalla H, Judge DP. The mitral valve in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: old versus new concepts. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2011;4(6):757-66.

  28. Klues HG, Maron BJ, Dollar AL, Roberts WC. Diversity of structural mitral valve alterations in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 1992;85(5): 1651-60.

  29. Hoshino T, Fujiwara H, Kawai C, Hamashima Y. Myocardial fiber diameter and regional distribution in the ventricular wall of normal adult hearts, hypertensive hearts and hearts with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 1983;67(5):1109-16.

  30. Nunoda S, Genda A, Sekiguchi M, Takeda R. Left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy findings in patients with essential hypertension and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with special reference to the incidence of bizarre myocardial hypertrophy with disorganization and biopsy score. Heart Vessels. 1985;1(3):170-5.

  31. Becker AE, Caruso G. Myocardial disarray. A critical review. Br Heart J. 1982;47(6):527-38.

  32. Varnava AM, Elliott PM, Baboonian C, Davison F, Davies MJ, McKenna WJ. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: histopathological features of sudden death in cardiac troponin T disease. Circulation. 2001;104(12):1380-4.

  33. Sepp R, Severs NJ, Gourdie RG. Altered patterns of cardiac intercellular junction distribution in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Heart. 1996;76(5): 412-7.

  34. Hina K, Kusachi S, Iwasaki K, et al. Progression of left ventricular enlargement in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: incidence and prognostic value. Clin Cardiol. 1993;16(5):403-7.

  35. Coppini R, Ho CY, Ashley E, et al. Clinical Phenotype and Outcome of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Associated with Thin-Filament Gene Mutations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(24):2589-600.

  36. Yetman AT, McCrindle BW, MacDonald C, Freedom RM, Gow R. Myocardial bridging in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--a risk factor for sudden death. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(17):1201-9.

  37. Mohiddin SA, Begley D, Shih J, Fananapazir L. Myocardial bridging does not predict sudden death in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy but is associated with more severe cardiac disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36(7):2270-8.

  38. Sorajja P, Ommen SR, Nishimura RA, Gersh BJ, Tajik AJ, Holmes DR. Myocardial bridging in adult patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42(5):889-94.

  39. Basso C, Thiene G, Mackey-Bojack S, Frigo AC, Corrado D, Maron BJ. Myocardial bridging, a frequent component of the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype, lacks systematic association with sudden cardiac death. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(13):1627-34.

  40. Elliott P, Andersson B, Arbustini E, et al. Classification of the cardiomyopathies: a position statement from the european society of cardiology working group on myocardial and pericardial diseases. Eur Heart J. 2007;29(2):270-6.

  41. Méndez A. Cardiomiopatía hipertrófica. En: Cardiología SM de, ed. Tratado de Cardiología. México: Intersistemas S.A. de C.V.; 2004. pp. 424-32.

  42. Schmincke A. Ueber linkseitige muskulöse Conusstenosen 1). DMW - Dtsch Medizinische Wochenschrift. 1907;33(50):2082-3.

  43. Brock R. Functional obstruction of the left ventricle; acquired aortic subvalvar stenosis. Guys Hosp Rep. 1957;106(4):221-38.

  44. Norris RF, Pote HH. Hypertrophy of the heart of unknown etiology in young adults; report of 4 cases with autopsies. Am Heart J. 1946;32(5): 599-611.

  45. Bercu BA, Diettert GA, Danforth WH, Pund EE, Ahlvin RC, Belliveau RR. Pseudoaortic stenosis produced by ventricular hypertrophy. Am J Med. 1958;25(5):814-8.

  46. Teare D. Asymmetrical hypertrophy of the heart in young adults. Br Heart J. 1958;20(1):1-8.

  47. Braunwald E, Lambrew CT, Rockoff SD, Ross J, Morrow AG. Idiopathic Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis. I. A Description of the Disease Based upon an Analysis of 64 Patients. Circulation. 1964;30 Suppl 4:3-119.

  48. Cohen J, Effat H, Goodwin JF, Oakley CM, Steiner RE. Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy. Br Heart J. 1964;26:16-32.

  49. Fishleder BL, Bermudez F, Friedland C. Estenosis subaórtica dinámica. Su diagnóstico clínico y por métodos gráficos externos. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1962;32:430-51.

  50. Bonetti F, Garcia S, Soni J. Estenosis Subaórtica Dinámica. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1965;35:125-36.

  51. Glenny JE, Greco HL, Cossio PR, Kreutzer E, Cossio P. Auscultación cardíaca (IX): Estenosis subaórtica muscular dinámica. Prensa Med Argent. 1965;52(44):2782-6.

  52. Vidne BA, Aygen M, Garti I, Eshkol D, Levy MJ. Tratamiento quirúrgico de las estenosis aórticas subvalvulares. Prensa Med Argent. 1970;57(7):327-33.

  53. Skromne Kadlubik D, Franco Vázquez JS, Portilla Aguilar J, López Cuéllar MR. Dilatación Auricular Derecha y Cardiomiopatía Hipertrófica Primaria. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1972;42(5):788-95.

  54. Salazar E, Soriano G, Esquivel J. Estenosis Subaórtica Dinámica. Estudio de 26 casos. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1973;43(5):661-82.

  55. Cueto García L, Ortega Gaytán M, Benítez Bribiesca L, Rodríguez Jurado P, Madrid J. Cardiomiopatía hipertrófica primaria simulando miocarditis del recién nacido. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 1974;31(5): 985-95.

  56. Vallés Belsué F, Martín Judez V, Fernández de Miguel JM, Artaza Andrade M, Márquez Montes J, Maître Azcárate MJ. Cineangiografía en la Miocardiopatía Hipertrófica Obstructiva. Arch Inst Cardiol Mex. 1974;44(4):598-610.

  57. Semsarian C, Ingles J, Wilde AAM. Sudden cardiac death in the young: the molecular autopsy and a practical approach to surviving relatives. Eur Heart J. 2015;36(21):1290-6.

  58. Vassalini M, Verzeletti A, Restori M, De Ferrari F. An autopsy study of sudden cardiac death in persons aged 1-40 years in Brescia (Italy). J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown). 2016;17(6):446-53.

  59. Kocovski L, Fernandes J. Sudden Cardiac Death: A Modern Pathology Approach to Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2015;139(3):413-6.

  60. Corrado D, Basso C, Schiavon M, Thiene G. Screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(6):364-9.

  61. Aranda A, Soto V. Alteraciones estructurales de las miocardiopatías. Arch Cardiol Mex. 2004;74(s2):334-7.

  62. De Micheli A, Medrano GA, Aranda A. Aspectos eléctricos de la hipertrofia del corazón izquierdo. Arch Cardiol Mex. 2003;73(2):135-42.

  63. Hughes SE. The pathology of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Histopathology. 2004;44(5):412-27.

  64. Maron BJ, Wolfson JK, Epstein SE, Roberts WC. Intramural (“small vessel”) coronary artery disease in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986;8(3):545-57.

  65. Klues HG, Roberts WC, Maron BJ. Anomalous insertion of papillary muscle directly into anterior mitral leaflet in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Significance in producing left ventricular outflow obstruction. Circulation. 1991;84(3):1188-97.

  66. Hagège AA, Bruneval P, Levine RA, Desnos M, Neamatalla H, Judge DP. The mitral valve in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: old versus new concepts. J Cardiovasc Transl Res. 2011;4(6):757-66.

  67. Klues HG, Maron BJ, Dollar AL, Roberts WC. Diversity of structural mitral valve alterations in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 1992;85(5): 1651-60.

  68. Hoshino T, Fujiwara H, Kawai C, Hamashima Y. Myocardial fiber diameter and regional distribution in the ventricular wall of normal adult hearts, hypertensive hearts and hearts with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 1983;67(5):1109-16.

  69. Nunoda S, Genda A, Sekiguchi M, Takeda R. Left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy findings in patients with essential hypertension and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with special reference to the incidence of bizarre myocardial hypertrophy with disorganization and biopsy score. Heart Vessels. 1985;1(3):170-5.

  70. Becker AE, Caruso G. Myocardial disarray. A critical review. Br Heart J. 1982;47(6):527-38.

  71. Varnava AM, Elliott PM, Baboonian C, Davison F, Davies MJ, McKenna WJ. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: histopathological features of sudden death in cardiac troponin T disease. Circulation. 2001;104(12):1380-4.

  72. Sepp R, Severs NJ, Gourdie RG. Altered patterns of cardiac intercellular junction distribution in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Heart. 1996;76(5): 412-7.

  73. Hina K, Kusachi S, Iwasaki K, et al. Progression of left ventricular enlargement in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: incidence and prognostic value. Clin Cardiol. 1993;16(5):403-7.

  74. Coppini R, Ho CY, Ashley E, et al. Clinical Phenotype and Outcome of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Associated with Thin-Filament Gene Mutations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64(24):2589-600.

  75. Yetman AT, McCrindle BW, MacDonald C, Freedom RM, Gow R. Myocardial bridging in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--a risk factor for sudden death. N Engl J Med. 1998;339(17):1201-9.

  76. Mohiddin SA, Begley D, Shih J, Fananapazir L. Myocardial bridging does not predict sudden death in children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy but is associated with more severe cardiac disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;36(7):2270-8.

  77. Sorajja P, Ommen SR, Nishimura RA, Gersh BJ, Tajik AJ, Holmes DR. Myocardial bridging in adult patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;42(5):889-94.

  78. Basso C, Thiene G, Mackey-Bojack S, Frigo AC, Corrado D, Maron BJ. Myocardial bridging, a frequent component of the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy phenotype, lacks systematic association with sudden cardiac death. Eur Heart J. 2009;30(13):1627-34.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com