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2016, Number 2

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Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2016; 63 (2)

Tuberculosis, a challenge of the XXI century

García-González R, Cervantes-García E, Reyes-Torres A

Language: Spanish
References: 49
Page: 91-99
PDF size: 288.11 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Tuberculosis is a worldwide public health problem that constitutes one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality in human beings. Since the 1993 declaration, this disease is considered a worldwide emergency and it is considered as one of the great challenges of the XXI century, since the goals set for the year 2015 (the millennium development goal) were not achieved and it is a causal agent that infects one third of the population worldwide. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a bacteria that carries multiple virulence factors, most of which are located in its cell wall. These habilitate it to penetrate cells, to multiply intracellularly, to endure within the organism, and to evade both the specific and inespecific immune response of the host. Moreover, the bacteria can remain latent and then reactivate in spite of the late hipersensibility that the host develops as a defense mechanism to erradicate it. All these factors lead to an imbalance of the host-parasite relation and have contributed to the failure of all the efforts made to control the disease. Nevertheless, this has also stimulated the development of procedures directed to have an effective and timely diagnosis.


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