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Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública

2005, Number 4

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salud publica mex 2005; 47 (4)

Prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes on nasopharyngeal colonization in children of Mexico City.

Solórzano-Santos F, Ortiz-Ocampo LA, Miranda-Novales MG, Echániz-Avilés G, Soto-Noguerón A, Guiscafré-Gallardo H

Language: Spanish
References: 34
Page: 276-281
PDF size: 121.74 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objective. To determine the frequency, serotypes and susceptibility profiles to eight antimicrobials in Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal isolates from a representative sample of children under 5 years of age, residents of Mexico City. Patients and Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 573 children aged 2 months to 5 years. A nasopharyngeal sample was taken. S. pneumoniae identification, capsular serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility to eight antimicrobials were performed according to standardized methods Results. S. pneumoniae was isolated in 122/573 (21.4%) children. The most frequent capsular serotypes were 23F, 35, 19F, 11A and 15A; 46% of isolates corresponded to serotypes not included in the heptavalent vaccine. Low penicillin susceptibility was found in 12% of strains with 3% of highly resistant penicillin strains; erythromycin resistance was >30% and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance ›40%. None of the isolates was resistant to vancomycin, cefotaxime, amoxacillin-clavulanate, chloramphenicol or ampicillin. Conclusions. Several S. pneumoniae serotypes from nasopharyngeal carriers are not included in the heptavalent vaccine. Resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and macrolides is high. The medical community should be aware of these results.


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