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2016, Number 3

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Rev Med MD 2016; 7.8 (3)

Sarcopenia in patients with autoimmune diseases

Cerpa-Cruz S, Castañeda-Ureña M, Martínez-Bonilla G, González-Díaz V, Ruíz-González FJ, Pérez-Romero MA, Gutiérrez-Ureña S

Language: Spanish
References: 27
Page: 136-142
PDF size: 556.14 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Sarcopenia is the loss of muscular mass, strength and function. Autoimmune sarcopenia refers to excessive weight loss, associated with severe muscular wasting due to an increase in proinflammatory cytokines.
Material and Method: We designed a transversal analytic study. Patients were selected from the rheumatology unit through simple aleatory sampling. Exclusion criteria included patients with chronic kidney disease, heart and hepatic failure, and those taking HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. We obtained medical records, physical examination, and anthropometric measures. Autoimmune disease activity was measured with DAS-28 and MEXSLEDAI. Muscle mass was obtained through DEXA. Descriptive statistics was used with chi squared and Kruskal Wallis H test. For variable correlation we used Spearman's rho and for magnitude association OR. Analysis was done using SPSS 12.0.
Results: Of the 46 patients with autoimmune diseases (AD), 26 of them with rheumatoid arthritis, 20 with systemic lupus erythematosus and 25 healthy persons. The average age of the AD group was 40+ 13.4 vs. 39+18 in the control group. 90% of the patients were taking hydroxychloroquine and 80% moderate steroid doses. The AD group reported obesity in 28% of cases vs 16% in control group. Sarcopenia frequency in the AD group was 26% vs 20% (p‹0.001) in healthy subjects. No difference was found in cases with sarcopenic obesity. Risk for sarcopenia in sedentary patients was OR 1.93. We found no relation between AD activity and sarcopenia. Hydroxychloroquine use is not protective against the development of sarcopenia. The risk of developing sarcopenia in patients with AD was OR 1.4 (CI 95% 0.434 to 4.596).
Discussion: Our study showed that patients with AD have a discrete risk of developing autoimmune sarcopenia compared to healthy controls.


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