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2016, Number 1

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Rev Cuba Endoc 2016; 27 (1)

Adipose organ, a metabolic and endocrine regulating rainbow

Sánchez JC, Romero CR, Muñoz LV, Rivera RA

Language: Spanish
References: 80
Page: 105-119
PDF size: 335.21 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: adipocyte is a multifunctional cell that intervenes in the systemic homeostasis through the production of adipokines. The present review intended to revise the present situation of the knowledge on the adipose tissue and to make proposals for the consolidation of the concept of adipose organ.
Development: the adipose tissue is made up of different types of adipocytes, not only the white and the brown but also the beige, the pink and the hepatic stellate cell. All of them are functionally integrated with non-fatty cells. This fact allows the evolution into the concept of adipose organ, with metabolic, endocrine and regulatory functions both at the systemic and local levels in some organs, as it happens in the rose adipocyte in the lactating mammary gland and in the hepatic stellate cells. These functions are performed through the production of a wide diversity of adipokines, with complex autocrine and paracrine effects. The transdifferentiation of several types of adipocytes allows understanding the importance of integrating these functions into the adipose organ. The alteration of homeostasis in these cells and the imbalanced production of adipokines that takes place as a result of obesity, generate metabolic chaos leading to metabolic syndrome.
Conclusions: the concept of the adipose organ allows understanding in a comprehensive way the function of adipocytes in the systemic regulation. This research on the different types of adipocytes - and on the functioning of the adipose organ as a whole - will lead to a better understanding of these processes at both the physiological and pathological level.


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