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2016, Number 1

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Residente 2016; 11 (1)

Quality of life and health care for patients with multiple myeloma

Miranda-Ruvalcaba C, Balderas-Peña LMA, Trujillo OJ, Garcés-Ruiz OM, Beatriz-Aguilar L, Nava-Zavala AH, Rubio-Jurado B

Language: Spanish
References: 56
Page: 10-18
PDF size: 230.67 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplasm characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells derived from post center-germinal B-memory cells. There is bone marrow infiltration by monoclonal plasma cells, clonal immunoglobulin production and the presence of lytic lesions. Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematologic malignancy. It corresponds to 1% of all cancers and 10% of hematologic origin cancers. It increases with age, being the median 69 years. But a third of patients is in a lower than 60 years age. In Western countries, incidence is 5.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. In the US, in the year 2011, there were 20,520 new cases of multiple myeloma. In Mexico, 597 new cases of MM were presented in the year 2002, this figure increases to 1,068 new cases in 2006, corresponding to 1.01%. There are two important aspects in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma, the close interaction of myeloma cells with stromal cells from bone marrow, necessary for the survival, growth and differentiation of plasma cells and initial and secondary genetic alterations affecting in the clinical manifestations of the disease. Some cytokines are involved in the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma (MM), these are produced by type T cells, and are involved in the proliferation and differentiation of human B lymphocytes. The quality of life is synonymous with the patient’s perception of their disease and symptoms that interfere with their daily life. The disease and treatment affect symptoms and general aspects of the patient. The main aspects that affect the quality of life are fatigue, pain and depressive symptoms, patients with MM show more symptoms compared to other conditions. The questionnaire of quality of life related to health in cancer patients, is the scale of the EORTC QLQ-C30, that evaluates the physical emotional state, cognitive, social functioning, and the module for multiple myeloma is the QLQ MY 20 that evaluates symptoms, side effects, a functional scale and body image. The present paper describes the importance of quality of life and the perception of patient care as an integral part of medical treatment.


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