Ñamendys-Silva SA, Posadas-Calleja JG

Language: Spanish
References: 57
Page: 473-480
PDF size: 95.85 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Mechanical ventilation plays a central role in the critical care setting; but its use is closely related with some life threatening complications as nosocomial pneumonia and low cardiac performance. One of the most severe complications is called ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) and it includes: Barotrauma, volutrauma, atelectrauma, biotrauma and oxygen-mediated toxic effects and it is related with an inflammatory response secondary to the stretching and recruitment process of alveoli within mechanical ventilation. The use of some protective ventilatory strategies has lowered the mortality rate 10% approximately.

REFERENCES

1. Colice GL. Historical perspective on the development of mechanical ventilation. In: Principles and Practice of Mechanical Ventilation. Tobin MJ (Ed.). New York: McGraw- Hill; 1994, p. 1-35.

2. Marini JJ. Evolving concepts in ventilatory management of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clin Chest Med 1996; 17: 555-75.

3. Dreyfuss D, Soler P, Basset G, et al. High inflation pressure pulmonary edema. Am Rev Respir Dis 1988; 137: 1159-64.

4. Parker JC, Townsley MI, Rippe B, et al. Increased microvascular permeability in dog lungs due to high peak airway pressures. J Appl Physiol 1984; 57: 1809-16.

5. Greenfield LJ, Ebert PA, Benson DW. Effect of positive pressure ventilation on surface tension properties of lung extracts. Anesthesiology 1964; 25: 312-16.

6. Tsuno K, Miura K, Taakeya M, et al. Histopathologic pulmonary changes from mechanical ventilation at high peak airway pressure. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 143: 1115-20.

7. Corbridge TC, Wood LDH, Crawford GP, et al. Adverse effect of large tidal and low PEEP in canine acid aspiration. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 142: 311-15.

8. Whitehead T, Slutsky AS. The pulmonary physician in critical care 7: Ventilator-induced lung injury. Thorax 2002; 57: 635-42.

9. Webb HH, Tierney DF. Experimental pulmonary edema due to intermittent positive pressure ventilation with high pressure. Am Rev Respir Dis 1974; 110: 556.

10. Muscedere JG, Mullen JBM, Gan K, et al. Tidal ventilation at low airway pressure can augment lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 149: 1327-34.

11. Tremblay L, Valenza F, Ribeiro SP, et al. Injurious ventilatory strategies increase cytokines and c-fos-m-RNA expression in an isolated rat lung model. J Clin Invest 1997; 99: 944-52.

12. Mead J, Takishima T, Leith D. Stress distribution in lung: A model of pulmonary elasticity. J Appl Physiol 1970; 28: 596-608.

13. Faridy EE, Permutt S, Riley RL. Effect of ventilation on surface forces in excised dog’s lungs. J Appl Physiol 1996; 21: 1453-62.

14. Lachman B. Open up the lung and keep the lung open. Intensive Care Med 1992; 18: 319-21.

15. Rimensberger PC, Cox PN, Frndova H, et al. The open lung during small tidal volume ventilation: Concepts of recruitment and “optimal” positive end-expiratory pressure. Crit Care Med 1999; 27: 1946-52.

16. Marini JJJ, Amato MBP. Lung recruitment during ARDS. In: Lung injury. Marini JJ, Evans TW (Ed.). Berlin: Springer; 1998, p. 236-57.

17. Pinsky MR. Heart-lung interactions. In: Pathophysiologic Foundations of Critical Care. Pinsky MR, Dhainaut JF (Ed.). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1993, p. 472-90.

18. Hotchkiss JR, Blanch L, Murias G, et al. Effects of decreased respiratory frequency on ventilator-induced lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 161: 463-8.

19. Chabot F, Mitchell JA, Gutteridge JM, et al. Reactive oxygen species in acute lung injury. Eur Respir J 1998; 11: 745-57.

20. Davis WB, Rennard SI, Bitterman PB, et al. Pulmonary oxygen toxicity. Early reversible changes in human alveolar structures induced by hyperoxia. N Engl J Med 1983; 309: 878-83.

21. Nash G, Bowen JA, Langlinais PC. “Respirator lung”: A misnomer. Arch Pathol 1971; 91: 234-40.

22. Kolobow T, Moretti MP, Fumagalli R, et al. Severe impairment in lung function induced by high peak airway pressure during mechanical ventilation. An experimental study. Am Rev Respir Dis 1987; 135: 312–5.

23. Dreyfuss D, Saumon G. Ventilator-induced lung injury: lessons from experimental studies. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157: 294-323.

24. Carlton DP, Cummings JJ, Scheerer RG. Lung overexpansion increases pulmonary microvascular protein permeability in young lambs. J Appl Physiol 1990; 69: 577-83.

25. Albert RK, Lakshminarayan S, Kirk W, et al. Lung inflation can cause pulmonary edema in zone I of in situ dog lungs. J Appl Physiol 1980; 49: 815-9.

26. Mackiln MT, Macklin CC. Malignant interstitial emphysema of the lungs and mediastinum as an important occult complication in many respiratory diseases and other conditions: An interpretation of the clinical literature in the light of laboratory experiments. Medicine 1944; 23: 281.

27. Gammon BR, Shin MS, Buchalter SE. Pulmonary barotrauma in mechanical ventilation. Patterns and risk factors. Chest 1992; 102: 568.

28. Gammon RB, Shin MS, Groves RH Jr, et al. Clinical risk factors for pulmonary barotrauma: A multivariate analysis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152: 1235.

29. Petersen GW, Baier H. Incidence of pulmonary barotrauma in a medical ICU. Crit Care Med 1983; 11: 67.

30. Woodring JH. Pulmonary interstitial emphysema in the adult respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med 1985; 13: 786.

31. Parker JC, Hernandez LA, Longenecker GL, et al. Lung edema caused by high peak inspiratory pressure in dogs. Role of increase microvascular filtration pressure and permeability. Am Rev Respir Dis 1990; 142; 321.

32. Parker JC, Hernandez LA, Peevy KJ. Mechanism of ventilator-induced lung injury. Crit Care Med 1993; 21: 131.

33. Dreyfuss D, Saumon G. Ventilator-induced lung injury. In: Principles and Practice of Mechanical Ventilation. Tobin MJ (Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill; 1994, p. 793.

34. Albert RK, Lakshminarayan WK, Butler J. Lung inflation can cause pulmonary edema in zone I of in situ dog lungs. J Appl Physiol 1980; 49: 815.

35. Smith JC, Mitzner W. Analysis of pulmonary vascular interdependence in excised dog lobes. J Appl Physiol 1980; 48: 450.

36. Egan E. Lungs inflation, lung solute permeability and alveolar edema. J Appl Physiol 1982; 53: 121.

37. Dreyfuss D, Soler P, Saumon G. Spontaneous resolution of pulmonary edema caused by short periods of cyclic overinflation. J Appl Physiol 1992; 72: 2081.

38. Adkins KW, Hernandez LA, Coker PJ, et al. Age affects susceptibility to pulmonary barotrauma in rabbit. Crit Care Med 1991; 19: 390.

39. Fu Z, Costello ML, Tsukimoto K, et al. High lung volume increases stress failure in pulmonary capillaries. J Appl Physiol 1992; 73: 123.

40. Peevy KJ, Hernandez LA, Moise AA, Parker JC. Barotrauma and microvascular injury in lungs of nonadult rabbits: Effect of ventilation pattern. Crit Care Med 1990; 18: 634.

41. Imai Y, Kawano T, Miyasaka K, et al. Inflammatory chemical mediators during conventional ventilation and during high frequency oscillatory ventilation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150: 1550-4.

42. von Bethmann AN, Brasch F, Nusing R, et al. Hyperventilation induces release of cytokines from perfused mouse lung. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157: 263-72.

43. Chiumello D, Pristine G, Slutsky AS. Mechanical ventilation affects local and systemic cytokines in an animal model of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160: 109-16.

44. Held H, Boettcher S, Hamann L, et al. Ventilation-induced chemokine and cytokine release is associated with activation of NF[kappa]B and is blocked by steroids. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163: 711-6.

45. Plotz FB, van Vught H, Heijnen CJ. Ventilator-induced lung inflammation: is it always harmful? Intensive Care Med 1999; 25: 236.

46. Imai Y, Kawano T, Iwamoto S, et al. Intratracheal antitumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury in rabbits. J Appl Physiol 1999; 87: 510-5.

47. Narimanbekov IO, Rozycki HJ. Effect of IL-1 blockade on inflammatory manifestations of acute ventilator-induced lung injury in a rabbit model. Exp Lung Res 1995; 21: 239-54.

48. Haitsma JJ, Uhlig S, Goggel R, et al. Ventilator-induced lung injury leads to loss of alveolar and systemic compartmentalization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26: 1515-22.

49. Ranieri V, Suter P, Tortorella C, et al. Effect of mechanical ventilation on inflammatory mediators in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 1999; 282: 54-61.

50. Slutsky AS, Tremblay LN. Multiple system organ failure. Is mechanical ventilation a contributing factor? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157: 1721-5.

51. Amato MBP, Barbas CSV, Medeiros DM, et al. Effect of a prospective-ventilation strategy on mortality in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 347-54.

52. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network; ventilation with lower tidal for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl Med 2000; 342: 1301-8.

53. Brochard L, Roudot-Thoraval F, Roupie E, et al. Tidal volume reduction for prevention of ventilator-induced lungs injury in the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 158: 1831-8.

54. Stewart TE, Meade MO, Cook DJ, et al. Evaluation of a ventilation strategy to prevent barotrauma in patients at high risk for acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 355-61.

55. Brower RG, Shanhotlz CB, Fessler HE, et al. Prospective randomized, controlled clinical trial comparing traditional vs. reduced tidal volume ventilation in ARDS patients. Crit Care Med 1999; 27: 1492-8.

56. Brower RG, Rubenfield GD. Lung-protective ventilation strategies in acute lung injury. Crit Care Med 2003; 31: S312-S316.

57. Roupie E, Dambrosio M, Servillo G, et al. Titration of tidal vol-ume and induced hypercapnia in acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995; 152: 121.