medigraphic.com
ISSN 1561-3070 (Electronic)

2015, Number 3

<< Back Next >>

Rev Cub Oftal 2015; 28 (3)

Ocular fundus characteristics in high myopic children

Lapido PSI, López GM, Baldoquín RW, Rúa MR

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 280-289
PDF size: 175.60 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Objectives: to describe the clinical characteristics of ocular fundus in children with high myopia and its relationship with the age.
Methods: a cross-sectional, analytical and observational study of 38 high myopic eyes from 24 children under 18 years old seen at the outpatient service in 2011. They were divided into two groups (under 10 years and 10 years and over) to describe the clinical findings of the ocular fundus and to compare the axial length, the spherical equivalent, the best corrected visual acuity, the central macular thickness and width and depth of posterior staphyloma.
Results: the mean age was 9 years old; mean spherical equivalent was -8,94 D (between -6 and -16,5 D) and mean best corrected visual acuity amounted to 0,26 logMAR. The mean axial length increases with the age (p= 0,001). There was evident correlation between axial length and spherical equivalent (p= 0,008; rho= -0,436). The posterior pole was normal in 36,84 %. No foveal lesions were found. The retinal periphery was examined in 52,63 % of cases and 85 % of them had no lesions. Statistically significant differences in axial length, central macular thickness at 90° and staphyloma depth were found between both age groups (p= 0,001; p= 0,02 and p= 0,036, respectively).
Conclusions: the frequency of normal ocular fundus decreases with the age in high myopic children´s eyes. The simple forms of posterior staphyloma and the temporal crescent peripapillary atrophy without foveal lesions predominated.


REFERENCES

  1. Cui D, Trier K, Munk Ribel-Madsen S. Effect of day length on eye growth, myopia progression and change of corneal power in myopic children. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(5):1074-9.

  2. Sivak J. The cause(s) of myopia and the efforts that have been made to prevent it. Clin Exp Optom. 2012;95(6):572-82.

  3. Sheng You Q, Juan Wu L, Li Duan J, Xia Luo Y, Juan Liu L, Li X, et al. Prevalence of myopia in school children in greater Beijing: the Beijing Childhood Eye Study. Acta Ophthalmol. 2014;92(5):e398-e406.

  4. Ohno-Matsui K, Ikuno Y, Yasuda M, Murata T, Sakamoto T, Ishibashi T. Myopic Macular Degeneration. In: Ryan SJ, editor. Retina. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2013. p. 1256-66.

  5. Tokoro T. On the definition of pathologic myopia in group studies. Acta Ophthalmol. 1988;66:107-8.

  6. Vongphanit J, Mitchell P, Wang JJ. Prevalence and progression of myopic retinopathy in an older population. Ophthalmology. 2002;109(4):704-11.

  7. Curtin BJ. The posterior staphyloma of pathologic myopia. Trans Am Ophthal Soc. 1977;75:67-86.

  8. Steidl SM, Pruett RC. Macular complications associated with posterior staphyloma. Am J Ophthalmol. 1997;123(2):181-7.

  9. FitzGerald DE, Chung I, Krumholtz I. An analysis of high myopia in a pediatric population less than 10 years of age. Optometry. 2005;76(2):102-14.

  10. Montes Mico R, Ferrer Blasco T. Distribution of refractive errors in Spain. Doc Ophthalmol. 2000;101(1):25-33.

  11. Sherwin JC, Reacher MH, Keogh RH, Khawaja AP, Mackey DA, Foster PJ. The association between time spent outdoors in children and adolescents. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ophthalmology. 2012;119(10):2141-51.

  12. Rose KA, Morgan IG, Ip J, Kifley A, Huynh S, Smith W, et al. Outdoor activity reduces the prevalence of myopia in children. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(8):1279-85.

  13. Read SA, Collins MJ, Vincent SJ. Light exposure and physical activity in myopic and emmetropic children. Optom Vis Sci. 2014;91(3):330-41.

  14. de Magalhaes Franco AM, Lopes YC, de Souza PH, Allemann N. Biometria no crescimento do olho alto míope na infância. Arq Bras Oftalmol. 2013;76(5):265-9.

  15. Hayashi K, Ohno-Matsui K, Shimada N, Moriyama M, Kojima A, Hayashi W, et al. Long-term pattern of progression of myopic maculopathy: a natural history study. Ophthalmology. 2010;117(8):1595-611.

  16. Lapido Polanco SI, González Díaz RE, Rodríguez Rodríguez V, González Arias Y, Baldoquín Rodríguez W, López González M. Alteraciones del polo posterior en la miopía degenerativa. Rev Cubana Oftalmol. 2012;25(2):288-302.

  17. Tong L, Saw SM, Chua WH, Luu C, Cheng B, Yeo I, et al. Optic disk and retinal characteristics in myopic children. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004;138(1):160-2.

  18. Ohno-Matsui K, Akiba M, Modegi T, Tomita M, Ishibashi T, Tokoro T, et al. Association between shape of sclera and myopic retinochoroidal lesions in patients with pathologic myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012;53(10):6046-61.

  19. Lim HT, Chun BY. Comparison of OCT measurements between high myopic and low myopic children. Optom Vis Sci. 2013;90(12):1473-8.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com