Miguel RL Guzmán, Romero TP, Andrade GM, Velázquez LM, Rodríguez GR

Language: Spanish
References: 13
Page: 132-136
PDF size: 53.71 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To measure the prevalence of low birth weight and its possible association with risk characteristics at an international level.
Patients and methods: An analytical and transversal study was performed during 2003. Newborns attended at the gynecological unit of the Hospital General de Zona Num. 35 in Cosamaloapan, Veracruz, were selected. The neonates included had a neonatal screening for hypothyroidism, as well as a newborn registration format. Pediatricians and pre-graduate interns evaluated: weight at birth, sex, maternal age, weeks of gestation, number of pregnancies, place of residence and the mother’s occupation. Low birth weight was defined as the newborns that weighed less than 2,500 g.
Results: A total of 751 newborns were evaluated. In accordance to the characteristics of the mother, the mean age was of 25.9 ± 5.9 years, 104 (13.8%) were adolescents, and 256 (35.3%) were first time mothers. The low birth weight existed in 43 (5.7%) of the newborns, and the birth weight of 708 (94.3%) was ≥ 2,500 g. The maternal age, the number of pregnancies, the place of residence and the mother’s occupation were not statistically related with the low birth weight.
Conclusions: The prevalence of low birth weight is lower than the data reported internationally, and it could be explained by the period in which the study was performed. None of the characteristics assessed as risk factors demonstrated to be associated.

REFERENCES

1. Needlman R. Crecimiento y desarrollo. En: Behrman R, Kliegman R, Arvin A, Nelson W, editores. Tratado de pediatría. Madrid: McGraw-Hill, 1997.

2. Coronel-Carvajal C, Rivera-Lecha I. Peso bajo al nacer. Su influencia en la salud durante el primer año de vida. Rev Mex Pediatr 2003;70:283-7.

3. Ortiz-Silva O, Felipe-Duarte I, Alonso-Cordero ME, Álvarez- Rodríguez A, Barrios-Rodríguez JC. Influencia de bajo peso al nacer en el estado de salud durante el primer año de vida. Rev Cubana Pediatr 1997;69:187-91.

4. Rivera-Rueda MA, González-Treviños JS, Minguet-Romero R, López-Rivera L, Udaeta-Mora E. Morbilidad y mortalidad en neonatos de bajo peso al nacer. Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 1991;48:71-77.

5. González-Hernández A, Alonso-Uría RM, Gutíerrez-Rojas AR, Campo-González A. Estudio de gestantes adolescentes y su repercusión en el recién nacido en un área de salud. Rev Cubana Pediatr 2000;72:54-59.

6. Jiménez AM, Flores-Prieto D, Cayetano-Romano A, Montilla- Solís MC, Riego A. Prematuridad y bajo peso al nacer en un hospital general provincial. Rev Méd Domin 1994;55:102-4.

7. Bortman M. Factores de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer. Rev Panam Salud Publica 1998;3:314-21.

8. Cerón-Mireles P, Sánchez-Carrillo CI, Harlow S, Núñez-Urquiza RM. Condiciones de trabajo materno y bajo peso al nacer en la ciudad de México. Salud Publica Mex 1997;32:2-10.

9. Hernández-Peña P, Kageyama ML, Coria I, Hernández B, Harlow S. Condiciones de trabajo, fatiga laboral y bajo peso al nacer en vendedoras ambulantes. Salud Publica Mex 1991;41:101-9.

10. Grau-Espinosa MA, Sáenz-Darias L, Cabrales-Escobar JA. Factores de riesgo del bajo peso al nacer. Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Provincial de Sancti Spíritus, Cuba. Rev Panam Salud Publica 1999;6:95-98.

11. Cabrales-Escobar JA, Sáenz-Darias L, Grau-Espinosa MA, De Rojas-Castañeda L, González-Herrera Y, Pina-García N, et al. Factores de riesgo de bajo peso al nacer en un hospital cubano, 1997-200. Rev Panam Salud Publica 2002;12:180-4.

12. Rodríguez-García R, Rodríguez-Guzmán LM, Sánchez-Maldonado MI y col. Prevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a parasitosis intestinal en mujeres embarazadas y su relación con el peso del niño al nacer. Ginecol Obstet Mex 2002;70:338-43.

13. NOM-007-SSA2-1993. Atención de la mujer durante el embarazo, parto, puerperio y del recién nacido. México, DF.