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Instituto Nacional de Perinatología

2005, Number 1

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Perinatol Reprod Hum 2005; 19 (1)

Contraceptives implants

Montenegro-Pereira E, Lara-Ricalde R, Velázquez-Ramírez N

Language: Spanish
References: 35
Page: 31-43
PDF size: 143.77 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The objective of this work it is to up date the information about implantable contraceptives. Description: There are three contraceptive implants in clinical practices: Norplant, since 1985, that consists of 6 capsules of polidimethylsiloxane containing levonorgestrel; Jadelle, since 1995, two rods of a mixture of the same polymer and progestin thet Norplant uses, and Implanon, since 1999, a single rod of ethylenevinyl acetate mixed with etonorgestrel; they are inserted subdermaly in the arm, under local anesthesia; they release the progestin at constant rates after the first year and have a life-span of 5 and 3 years, respectively. Both, Norplant and Jadelle make the cervical mucus impenetrable by spermatozoa. Implanon inhibits ovulation. Other implantable contraceptives under research-contain. Nomegestrol (Uniplant) and nestorone (Elcometrin) Conclusions: Implantable contraceptives are some of the most effective methods, only 0.1 pregnancies per 100 women in the first year of use. All of them produce vaginal bleeding disturbances in about 70% of users. Other events observed are weight increase, headache and breast tenderness. The continuation rates are about 90% in the first year of use.


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