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Boletín Clínico de la Asociación Médica del Hospital Infantil del Estado de Sonora

2015, Number 2

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Bol Clin Hosp Infant Edo Son 2015; 32 (2)

Diseño de Estudios Epidemiológicos. II. El Estudio de Casos y Controles: Del Efecto a la Causa

Cruz-Loustaunau D, Álvarez-Hernández G

Language: Spanish
References: 21
Page: 107-116
PDF size: 305.36 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Epidemiological studies are classifiedas observational or experimental, based on exposure assignment done by the researcher. Appropriate selection of study design to elucidate questions that have been proposed on a problem, is crucial when designing a research. Case-control studies are analytical and observational studies departing from the effect and retrospectively identifying exposures. They are apparently easy to design and conduct, however if the subjects that make up the control group are not properly selected, there is a risk for different biases, which in turn may causespurious conclusions.
By using this design is possible to establish association between an exposure and a health outcomethrough the estimation of Odds Ratio (OR).Case-control design allows us to identify factors that prevent or facilitate a health-related event, therefore the information derived of this design can be helpful in making a decision at the individual and at the population level.


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