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Órgano Oficial del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría

2005, Number 5

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Acta Pediatr Mex 2005; 26 (5)

Neonatal morbidity caused by drug addiction of pregnant women

Aguilar CAM, Soria RCG, Hernández GAL, Loredo AA

Language: Spanish
References: 30
Page: 244-249
PDF size: 49.59 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Drug abuse is a worldwide problem; it affects both the drug user and society. The drug damage is considered in the drug addict but scarcely in the unborn product. In the northern border of Mexico, the annual incidence of drug consumption is 7.45%. In the Mexicali General Hospital 8.6 of 1000 newborns have had in utero exposure to an illicit drug taken by the pregnant women.
Objective: To identify the neonatal morbidity associated with the use of illicit drugs during pregnancy in the population seen at the Mexicali General Hospital.
Method: Newborn patients’ charts from December 20, 2001 to June 20th 2004 were reviewed, to determine the incidence of perinatal exposure to illicit drugs and its associated morbidity. In a transverse section cut from February 1st 2001 to November 30th 2002, the incidence of abstinence syndrome, associated pathologies, maternal variables, sociodemographic and type of drug were determined.
Results: An annual average of 4,151 newborns were seen; there was an increase in the rate of annual exposure of 17.9 per 1000 newborns; 63% of the involved mothers were under 25 years of age; the drug most used was crystal (crack 75%). The neonatal morbidity was: Abstinence syndrome, 25%, more frequent with heroin (OR 15.48, IC95% 3.83%-67.81, p‹0.001); prematurity, 23.68%; sexually transmitted diseases, 15.78%; decreased size and cephalic perimeter, 18.42%; abandonment, 10%. The exposure to illicit drugs carries an important impact on physical, emotional and social well-being of the newborn, the severity of which depends on the substance, the time and the length of the addiction.


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