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ISSN 1561-3054 (Electronic)

2015, Number 1

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Rev Cubana Med Trop 2015; 67 (1)

Spacer oligonucleotide typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Cuba

Herrera AYM, Fonseca GCM, Gozá VR, Martínez RIM, Lemus MD, Llanes CMJ, Marrero FA, Díaz RR

Language: Spanish
References: 21
Page: 85-96
PDF size: 253.84 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Knowledge about Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages is important to understand the origin, evolution and spread of this bacterium.
Objective: Determine the genetic patterns of M. tuberculosis circulating in Cuba.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with an analytical component in Cuba in the period extending from January 2009 to December 2010. Spacer oligonucleotide typing (Spoligotyping) was applied to 308 M. tuberculosis isolates from the period 2009-2010. Classification into genotypes was carried out according to the international database SpolDB4. Results were additionally analyzed with the online tool MIRU-VNTRplus and compared with the M. tuberculosis genetic patterns found in Cuba in 1993-1995.
Results: 79 different genotypic patterns were defined, of which 46 (62%) had not been previously reported in SpolDB4. The 22 clusters defined included 75.4% of the isolates studied. Five main genetic families were found: Beijing (25.6%), S (19.2%), LAM (16.9%), Haarlem (16.9%) and T (5.8%). The S family prevailed in the Western region (OR=3.4; CI 95%:1.8-6.3; p ‹ 0.05), Beijing in Central Cuba (OR=6.7; CI 95%:3.7-11.9; p ‹ 0.05), and LAM (OR=3.0; CI 95%:1.6-5.6; p ‹ 0.05) and Haarlem in the Eastern region (OR=1.8; CI 95%:1.0-3.4; p ‹ 0.05).
Conclusions: Great diversity was observed among the M. tuberculosis isolates circulating in Cuba in the period 2009-2010. The genetic structure of M. tuberculosis has changed in the country with the passing of time, with a reduction in endemic genotypes like Haarlem and T, and a significant increase in S and Beijing. These data contribute important information for epidemiology and TB control in Cuba.


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