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2015, Number 1

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Med Sur 2015; 22 (1)

Neumotórax espontáneo primario, revisión de la literatura

González-Hermosillo-Cornejo D, Díaz-Girón-Gidi A, Vidal-Tamayo R

Language: Spanish
References: 44
Page: 19-26
PDF size: 133.22 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is a medical condition that occurs in patients without an underlying precipitating traumatic cause or any previous pulmonary pathological condition; causing, most often, the rupture of a subpleural bleb. The reported incidence varies between 7 and 37 per 100,000 population per year, depending on the studied population. Among the risk factors for this condition are smoking, family history of spontaneous pneumothorax, genetic conditions, Marfan syndrome, homocystinuria, among others. The clinical presentation often occurs in young adults presenting dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain of sudden onset, due to the accumulation of air in the pleural cavity, which can convert to tension pneumothorax in 1-2% of the cases. The ultimate consequences is severe hypoxemia that can be life threatening. The diagnosis of spontaneous pneumothorax is clinical, but several imaging studies can help in its diagnosis like simple chest X-ray, ultrasound, or CT scan. The management of this condition varies between observation on the ER to emergency thoracotomy depending on each particular case and clinical presentation. The objective of the current review is to present and summarize the latest physiopathology, diagnostic and therapeutic evidence for this condition.


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