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2002, Number 3

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Rev Mex Patol Clin Med Lab 2002; 49 (3)

Bacteriological diagnosis of anthrax

Carrada BT

Language: Spanish
References: 25
Page: 141-147
PDF size: 116.44 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Bacillus anthracis is a nonmotile, gram-positive, aerobic rods that is capable of forming central spores. Colonies are nonhemolytic, often looking like ground glass, when inoculated onto nutrient agar containing 0.7 percent bicarbonate and grown overnight at 37 °C in the presence of 10 percent carbon dioxide, poly- D- glutamic acid capsule is formed. In these mucoid colonies the capsule can be stained with methylene blue. Blood cultures in cases of systemic anthrax infection are allmost always positive, and because of the potential for penicillin resistant strain, including deliberately modified bacteria, antibiotic susceptibility testing should be performed on all isolates. New and rapid diagnostic techniques such as polymerase chain reaction and tissue immunostaing may become very useful in the clinical laboratory setting. The virulence factor of B. anthracis are encoded by two plasmids, the exotoxin gene is composed of protective antigen, lethal factor and edema factor, the macrophages (mc) function is impaired and lethal toxin stimulates the mc to release tumor necrosis factor a and interleukin- lß, which are responsible for sudden death in septicemic anthrax.


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