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2015, Number 1

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Rev Hosp Jua Mex 2015; 82 (1)

Comparación entre los criterios actuales y previos de la ADA para el diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional

Reséndiz-Ríos FR, Flores-Méndez VM

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 12-17
PDF size: 124.95 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background. Gestational diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that most often complicated pregnancy, 7% worldwide, ranging 1-14% depending on the population studied and diagnosis method employed. Objectives. Determine if the new American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria increase the incidence of gestational diabetes. Evaluate early therapeutic interventions, as well as the expected benefits and compare perinatal outcomes with diagnostic criteria. Material and method. Prospective, observational, longitudinal and comparative study of a series of 50 cases of gestational diabetes, diagnosed at the Hospital Juárez de México in the period comprehended between July 2012 and July 2013. Two study groups were created: group A, 25 patients diagnosed based on OGTT 3 h, and group B 25 patients diagnosed based on OGTT 2 h. A comparative analysis of the study groups was performed. Results. 420 pregnant women were studied, 62 were diagnosed with DMG, 28 patients with OGTT 3 h and 34 patients with 2-h OGTT. Twelve were not included. The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus was 14.7%. The highest incidence type of GDM was A1 presented in 74% (37 cases). It showed that 84% of patients (22 cases) was managed with diet alone and 16% (8 cases) required treatment with diet and insulin. In groups A and B were found the following results respectively : the resolution of pregnancy by cesarean 72-64% and delivery 28-36%, maternal complications 32-24%, fetal complications 12-8%, maternal and fetal complications 8-8%. Conclusions. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus increased with the new criteria of the ADA 2011. Patients already diagnosed with one altered value, started early with dietary management, and with this the maternal and fetal complications are decreased.


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