Evaluation of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, var. communis) growth fed when ensiled pig feces

Javier González Yáñez; Ana Auró de Ocampo; Vicente Anislao Tolentino

2002, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Vet Mex 2002; 33 (2)

Evaluation of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, var. communis) growth fed when ensiled pig feces

González YJ, Auró de OA, Anislao TV

Full text

How to cite this article

Language: English/Spanish
References: 36
Page: 109-118
PDF size: 134.82 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Two thousand carp (Cyprinus carpio, var. communis) with a weight of 3.81 g and 4.62 cm length were housed in three 6.3 m3 aquatic pens within a 7 700 m2 artificial reservoir. Fish were fed 30 kg/week of ensiled pig feces. Fish were weighed, and standard length was measured every week in order to calculate the instant growth rate. Water quality parameters were measured once a month. Results showed that after 32 weeks, carps gained 510 g weight and 12.2 cm length. The absolute growth rate was 0.054 cm, and 2.25 g per day. The Von Bertalanffy equation showed growth without getting the asymptote as expected. The theoretical potential fishing yield was 540.6 kg, which is lower than reported by other authors due to less vital space in the pens. Physical and chemical water parameters stayed between the appropriate range for fish life. With the results obtained in this study it is recommended to culture carp using ensiled pig manure both as food and an organic fertilizer.

REFERENCES

1. Vega VF, Romero SHL. Daños y soluciones ecológicas en las granjas porcinas. Porcirama 1987;11:62-67.
2. Domínguez LE. La contaminación por excretas de cerdo. Acontecer Porcino 1993;1:4-12.
3. Edwards P. Integrated fish farming. Infofish Int 1991;5: 45-52.
4. Henry V. Feeding strategies for pollution control in pig production. Proceedings of the 14th Pig Veterinary Society Congress; 21-23 June 1996; Bologne, Italy. Bologne, Italy: Facultá di Medicina Veterinaria, Universitá di Bologna, 1996:45-50.
5. Toledo BA. Caracterización nutricional de ensilados de excretas de cerdo (fracción sólida) con bagazo de caña y melaza (tesis de licenciatura). México (DF) México: Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia. UNAM, 1996.
6. Íñiguez G. Aprovechamiento del estiércol de cerdo mediante fermentación. Acontecer Porcino 1993;1:14-20.
7. Tan EG. Philippines experience in integrated crop livestock fish farming systems. Proceedings of the Symposium-Workshop on Livestock Fish Farming; 2-4 November 1996; Los Baños Laguna, Philippines. Westmont (Il): National Sea Grant College Programs, 1997:43-52.
8. Wannakul T. Integrated farming. Livestock Fish Farming 1983;6:33-38.
9. El-Zanfaly HT, Ibrahim AA. Occurrence of bacterial pollution indicators in Boulti (Tilapia nilotica Linn.) fish. Zntlblt Ernährungswiss 1982;21:246- 253.
10. Muratori MC, Oliveira A de L, Riberiro LP, Costa AP, Fernandez SH, Leite RC. Comparison between the standard MPN method recommended by the American Public Health Association and the Simplate and Petrifilm methods for identification of the coliform groups and Escherichia coli in tilapia (Oreochromis sp) originating from aquaculture in fresh water. Rev Arg Microbiol 2000;32:15-19.
11. NALCO. Manual del agua: su naturaleza, tratamiento y aplicaciones. Vols. I, II, III. México (DF): McGraw-Hill, 1990.
12. Secretaría del Medio Ambiente, Recursos Naturales y Pesca. Manual de técnicas para el análisis de la calidad del agua en estanques. México (DF): Dirección General de Acuacultura, 1995.
13. Allen KR. A method of fitting growth curves of the von Bertalanffy type. J Fish Res Board Can 1966;23:163-179.
14. Fabens AJ. Properties and fitting of the von Bertalanffy growth curve. Growth 1965;29:265-289.
15. Gómez MJL. Métodos para determinar la edad en los organismos acuáticos. México (DF): Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1994.
16. Formacion SP, Rongo JM, Samblilay VC. Extreme value theory applied to the statistical distribution of the largest lengths of fish. Asian Fisheries Sci 1992;4:123-135.
17. Beverton RJH, Holt SJ. Manual of methods for fish stock assessment. Part II. Tables of yield function. FAO Fish Biol Tech Paper 1966;38:10-67.
18. Levegne C. Biodiversity dynamics and conservation: the freshwater fish of tropical Africa. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press, 1997.
19. Gulland JA. Métodos de análisis de poblaciones de peces. México (DF): Food and Agriculture Organization, Organización de las Naciones Unidas, 1966.
20. Billard R, Laird L. Carp biology and culture. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1999.
21. Lamothe RA. Manual de técnicas para preparar y estudiar los parásitos de animales silvestres. México (DF): AGT Editor, 1997.
22. Arredondo-Figueroa JL. Piscicultura, breve descripción de los criterios y técnicas para el manejo de la calidad del agua en estanques de piscicultura intensiva. México (DF): Secretaría de Ecología, Recursos Naturales y Pesca, 1985.
23. De la Lanza EG. Algunos conceptos sobre hidrobiología y calidad del agua. En: De la Lanza EG, Arredondo-Figueroa JL, editores. La acuacultura en México: de los conceptos a la producción. México (DF): Instituto de Biología, 1990:181-199.
24. Boyd CE. Water quality management for ponds fish culture. New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing, 1982.
25. Arredondo-Figueroa JL, Lozano SD. Water quality and yields in a polyculture of cyprinids in Mexico. Hidrobiologia 1994;4:1-2.
26. Barrera R, Becerra L, Díaz F, Espino S, Latournerie J. Análisis de los factores fisicoquímicos de tres estanques fertilizados de la granja integral de policultivo de Tezontepec, en Tezontepec de Aldama, Hidalgo. México (DF): Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1983.
27. Piedrahita RH, Lichtkoppler F. Water quality management in pond fish culture. Auburn (Al): Auburn University, International Center for Aquaculture, Agricultural Experiment Station, 1979.
28. Arredondo-Figueroa JL. Especies animales acuáticas de importancia nutricional, introducidas en México. Biótica 1983;8:175-199.
29. White AW. Toxic algal blooms: an international directory of experts in toxic and harmful algal blooms and their effects on fisheries and public health. Oxford (UK): Blackwell Science, 1990.
30. Weatherley AH. Growth and ecology of fish population. London (UK): Academic Press, 1972.
31. Quinn TJ, Richard B. Quantitative fish dynamics. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press, 2000.
32. Zweing DR. Evolving water quality in a common carp and blue tilapia high production pond. Hidrobiologia 1989;171:11-21.
33. Zweing DR, Horvath L, Horvath GT, Seagrave C. Carp culture. New York: Halsted Press, 1992.
34. Torres RB. Evaluación del crecimiento y robustez de la tilapia (Oreochromis urolepis hornorum) y la carpa barrigona (Cyprinus carpio rubrofuscus) en condiciones de policultivo extensivo y su relación con los parámetros limnológicos del embalse de temporal “Cavaria” en el Edo. de Morelos (tesis de licenciatura). México (DF) México: Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores de Zaragoza. UNAM, 1989.
35. Maitra DM. Prospects and retrospects of integrated livestock fish aquaculture in India under Asian context. Proceedings of the FAO/PT International Workshop on Livestock-Fish Production System; 12-14 February 1991; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Rome, Italy: FAO, 1991:107-112.
36. Hepher B, Pruginin Y. Cultivo de peces comerciales. México (DF): Limusa, 1985.