medigraphic.com
ISSN 1729-6935 (Electronic)
16 de abril

2014, Number 255

<< Back Next >>

16 de abril 2014; 53 (255)

Riesgo cardiovascular global en pacientes mayores de 40 años. Consultorio 23. Policlínico “Turcios Lima”. 2009-2010

Naranjo DAA, Rodríguez NÁY, Montano SAJ, Llera ARE, Aroche AR

Language: Spanish
References: 43
Page: 17-29
PDF size: 140.61 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The cardiovascular illnesses constitute an epidemic serious problem in the contemporary world: approximately 17 million people die every year for causes as the myocardium heart attack and the cerebrovascular accident.
  Objective: To determine the cardiovascular global risk in individuals answered to the medical clinic 23, of the "Turcios Lima" polyclinic center, Pinar del Río 2009-2010.
Methodological design: traverse descriptive study. The study universe was constituted by the 557 individuals in ages understood among of 40 and 70, the sample conformed to in aleatory simple way, and it was constituted by 300 individuals. They were described using absolute and relative frequencies the variable age, sex, the habit of smoking, the personal antecedents of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus as well as sedentarism, obesity and cardiovascular global risk.
Results: The age group more prevalent was that of 50-59 years with 40%. The sedentarism and the arterial hypertension were the factors of more frequent risk respectively with 56,7% and 44,7%. A global cardiovascular risk first floor prevailed with 61%. An odd ratio of 1,36 was calculated for the arterial hypertension and a 9,56 for the diabetes mellitus.
Conclusions: The most frequent factors of risk were: the sedentarism, the habit of smoking and the arterial hypertension; these last more frequent in the feminine population. Individuals prevailed with a low cardiovascular risk. The arterial hypertension, the diabetes mellitus and the obesity increase the risk of presenting a cardiovascular event in 10 years.


REFERENCES

  1. O’Donnell CJ, Elosua R. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Perspectivas derivadas del FraminghamHeartStudy. RevEspCardiol. 2008; 61(3): 11 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]; Disponible en: http://www.elsevier.es/es/revistas/revistaespa%C3%B1ola-cardiologia- 25/factores-riesgo-cardiovascular-perspectivas-derivadas-framingham heart- 13116658-prevencion-cardiovascular-2008

  2. Dawber TR, Meadors GF, Moore FEJ. Epidemiological approaches to heart disease: the Framingham Study. Am J Public Health. 2010; 41(3): 7. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1525365/

  3. Keys A, Taylor HL, Blackburn HB, Brozek J, Anderson JT, Simonson E. Coronary heart disease among Minnesota business and professional men followed 15 years. Circulation. 2010; 28(3): 14. Disponible en: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/28/3/381

  4. Kesteloot H, Sans S, Kromhout D. Dynamic of cardiovascular and all-causes mortality in Western and Eastern Europe between 1970 and 2000. EurHeart J. 2006; 27(1): 6 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]; Disponible en: http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/27/1/107.abstract

  5. Ministerio de Salud Pública (MINSAP), Dirección nacional de registros médicos y estadísticas de salud. Anuario estadístico de salud 2009. La Habana, 2010:63- 77. Disponible en: http://files.sld.cu/dne/files/2010/04/anuario-2009e3.pdf

  6. Grau M, Marrugat J. Funciones de riesgo en la prevención primaria de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. RevEspCardiol. 2008; 61(4):12. [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]; Disponible en: http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2582778

  7. Greenland P, Knoll MD, Stamler J, Neaton JD, Dyer AR, Garside DB, et al. Major risk factors as antecedents of fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease events. JAMA. 2003; 290(7):6. [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]; Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12928465

  8. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004; 364(9438): 15. [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]; Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15364185

  9. Fourth J. Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology and Other Societies on Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Clinical Practice. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Eur Heart J. 2007; 28(19): 25. Disponible en: http://eurheartj.oxfordjournals.org/content/28/19/2375.full

  10. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III, or ATP III). JAMA. 2001; 285(19):11. Disponible en: http://www.med.ucla.edu/champ/NCEP%20Reference.pdf

  11. Florenzano F. Riesgo cardiovascular global y diagnóstico por imágenes de aterosclerosis. Rev. MedClin Condes. 2008; 19(1):6 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]; Disponible en: http://bases.bireme.br/cgibin/ wxislind.exe/iah/online/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&src=google&base=LILACS&la ng=p&nextAction=lnk&exprSearch=515895&indexSearch=ID

  12. Anderson KM, Odell PM, Wilson P, Kannel WF. Cardiovascular disease risk profiles. Am Heart J. 1991; 121 1(2):5. [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]; Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1985385

  13. D’Agostino RB, Grundy S, Sullivan LM, Wilson P. CHD Risk Prediction Group. Validation of the Framingham Coronary Heart Disease Prediction Scores: Results of a Multiple Ethnic Groups Investigation. JAMA. 2001; 286(2): 7 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]; Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11448281

  14. Feldman RE, Scapin O, Bochatay L, Brondino A, Flichtentrei F. Prevención cardiovascular en el siglo XXI. Libros virtuales Intramed. [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://www.intramed.net/contenidover.asp?contenidoID=59077

  15. Ridker PM, Cook NR. Biomarkers for prediction of cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. [Internet]. 2007; 356(1):1 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]; Disponible en: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc070079

  16. Bassuk SS, Manson JE. Epidemiological evidence for the role of physical activity in reducing risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. J ApplPhysiol. [Internet]. 2005; 99(3): 1 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://jap.physiology.org/content/99/3/1193.short

  17. Sherman SE, D’Agostino RB, Silbershatz H, Kannel WB. Comparison of past versus recent physical activity in the prevention of premature death and coronary artery disease. Am Heart J. 1999; 138(5):7. [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010].Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10539821

  18. Pang MY, Eng JJ, McKay HA. Reduced hip bone mineral density is related to physical fitness and leg lean mass in ambulatory individuals with chronic stroke. OsteoporosInt. [Internet]. 2005; 16(12):10 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15902416

  19. Thune I, Furberg AS. Physical activity and cancer risk: dose-response and cancer, all sites and site-specific. MedSciSportsExerc. 2001; 33(6):20 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11427781

  20. World Health Organization. Obesity, preventing and managing the global epidemic: report of the WHO Consultation on Obesity. Geneve: WHO; 1998

  21. Ekelund U, Brage S, Franks PW, Hennings S, Emms S, Wareham NJ. Physical activity energy expenditure predicts progression towards the metabolic syndrome independently of aerobic fitness in middle-aged healthy Caucasians: the Medical Research Council Ely Study. Diabetes Care. 2005; 28(5):5 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/28/5/1195.full

  22. Organización Panamericana de la salud (OPS). Estrategia mundial sobre alimentación saludable, actividad física y salud (DPAS). Plan de implementación en América Latina y el Caribe 2006-2007. Washington, DC: OPS; 2006.

  23. Dasinger M, Gleason J, Griffith J, Selker H, Schaefer E. Comparison of the Atkins, Ormish, weight matches and zone diets for weigth loss and heart disease risk reduction. JAMA. 2005; 293(1):10 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://board.crossfit.com/showthread.php?t=7965

  24. Russell MA, Wilson C, Taylor C, Baker CD. Smoking prevalence among general practitioner´s patients. Br J Addict.1980; 75(4):6. [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1360- 0443.1980.tb01400.x/abstract

  25. Roed-Petersen BJ. Smoking habits in East Denmark at october 1979. Scand J SocMed. [Internet].1984; 12(1):8 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6710099

  26. Gottlieb NH, Green LW. Life events social network life-style and health an analysis. Nueva York: John Wiles &JonsInc; 1984.

  27. Informe preliminar de la II Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo y Enfermedades no Trasmisibles. IHEM; 2001.

  28. Gabriel R, Vega S, López J, Muñiz F, Bermejo F, Suárez C. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in the elderly population of Spain: The EPICARDIAN study, a multicenter population-based survey. J Hypertens. 2010; 10(2):1. Disponible en: http://www.nature.com/ajh/journal/v10/n2s/abs/ajh19971757a.html

  29. Medrano MJ, Cerrato E, Boix R, Delgado-Rodríguez M. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular en la población española: metaanálisis de estudios transversales. MedClin (Barc). [Internet]. 2005; 124(16):6 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=1154680

  30. Pineda-Cuenca M, Custardoy-Olavarrieta J, Andreu-Ortiz MT, Ortiz-Arroniz JM, Cano- Montoso JG, Medina-Ferrer E, et al. Estudio de prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en un área de salud. Aten Primaria. 2010; 30(4):6. Disponible en: http://www.elsevier.es/en/node/2019950

  31. Mokdad AH, Bowman BA, Ford ES, Vinicor F, Marks JS, Koplan JP. The continuing epidemics of obesity and diabetes in the United States. JAMA. 2001; 286(10):5 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://jama.amaassn. org/content/286/10/1195.abstract

  32. OMS report Obesity. Preventing and managing the global epidemic. WHO consultation on Obesity, Genova: World Health Organization. 2000 (Technical series 894).

  33. Martinez JA, Kearney JM, Kafatos A, Paquet S, Martinez-Gonzalez MA. Variables independently associated with self reported obesity in the European Union. Public Health Nutr. 2010; 2(1):8. Disponible en: http://journals.cambridge.org/download.php?file=%2FPHN%2FPHN2_1a%2FS1 368980099000178a.pdf&code=467c3663c27910eb0e528452fc6608c7

  34. Cerecero P, Hernández B, Aguirre D, Valdés R, Huitrón G. Estilos de vida asociados al riesgo cardiovascular global en trabajadores universitarios del Estado de México. SaludPública Mex. 2009; 51(6):8.

  35. Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS). Prevención de las enfermedades cardiovasculares: guía de bolsillo para la estimación y el manejo del riesgo cardiovascular. Ed OMS. Ginebra; 2008.p 1-32.

  36. Dueñas-Herrera A, Armas-Rojas NB, de la Noval García R, Turcios-Tristá SE, Milián-Hernández A, Cabalé-Vilariño MB. Riesgo cardiovascular total en los trabajadores del Hotel "Meliá Cohíba". RevistaCubana de Endocrinología. 2008; 19(1).

  37. Braunwald E. Epilogue: what do clinicians expect from imagers? J Am CollCardiol. [Internet]. 2006; 47(8):2 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://content.onlinejacc.org/cgi/content/full/47/8_Suppl_C/C101

  38. Cañón L, Díaz N, Cruces E, Nieto T, Garrote T, Buitrago F. Capacidad predictiva, comparación y consecuencias clínicas de las tablas de Framingham-Wilson y REGICOR en personas atendidas en un centro de salud de Badajoz. Rev EspSaludPública. 2007; 81(4):11.

  39. Mendivil C, Sierra I, Pérez C. Valoración del riesgo cardiovascular global y prevalencia de dislipidemias según los criterios del NCEP-ATPIII en una población adulta de Bogotá, Colombia. ClinInvestArterioscl. 2004; 16(3):8 [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://www.diabetes.unal.edu.co/RIESGO_CARDIOVASCULAR_GLOBAL.pdf

  40. Selvin E, Marinopoulos S, Berkenblit G, Rami T, Brancati FL, Powe NR, et al. Meta-analysis: glycosylated hemoglobin and cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med.2010; 141(6):10. Disponible en: http://www.annals.org/content/141/6/421.reprint

  41. Khaw KT, Wareham N, Bingham S, Luben R, Welch A, Day N. Association of hemoglobin A1c with cardiovascular disease and mortality in adults: the European prospective investigation into cancer in Norfolk. Ann InternMed. 2004; 141(6):6. [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://www.annals.org/content/141/6/413.short

  42. Dormandy JA, Charbonel B, Eckland DJ, Erdmann E, Massi-Benedetti M, Moules IK, et al. Secondary prevention of macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes in the PROactive Study (PROspectivepioglitAzone Clinical Trial In macroVascular Events): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005; 366(9493):10. Disponible en: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16214598

  43. 43.Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Daniels SR, Donato KA, Eckel RH, Franklin BA, et al. Diagnosis and management of the metabolic syndrome: an American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific statement: executive summary.Circulation. 2005; 112(17):5. [Citado 15 de mayo de 2010]. Disponible en: http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/112/17/e285.full




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com