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2015, Number 1

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Rev Hematol Mex 2015; 16 (1)

Genomic and epigenomic alterations of chronic lymphocytic leukemia clones in relation to their cellular basic functions

Valdespino-Gómez VM, Valdespino-Castillo PM

Language: Spanish
References: 61
Page: 53-69
PDF size: 546.03 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent type of chronic leukemia in the Western world population. Although there has been a growing development in the study of CLL integral pathophysiology, its complete understanding is far from being achieved. In this review, we have separated the genomic and epigenomic CLL clone alterations in two main processes, corresponding to the basic cellular functions (FBC) and to the specialized cellular functions of the transformed lymphocytes B. Here we highlight the main genomic and epigenomic disorders of FBC in the CLL clones: 1) recurrence of four main alterations in the acquired genomic copy number aberrations, 2) alterations of 20 main driver genes of CLL clone leukemiogenesis, 3) predominant epigenomic patterns of CpG dinucleotide hypometilation of several genes, enhancers and repetitive sequences, 4) transcriptional deregulation by many alternative transcripts, transcript hyperexpression of metabolic signaling pathways, and transcript hypoexpression of signaling pathways for RNA processing, and proteosoma and ribosoma signaling functioning, and 5) deregulation of eight main intracellular signaling pathways. At present, genomic and epigenomic alterations of CLL clones are subject of translational research studies in search to targeted therapeutic strategies.


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