Immunoelectrotransference detection of antibodies against caprine artritis encephalitis virus (CAEV)

Emiliano Tesoro Cruz; Rafael Hernández González; Alejandro Martínez Rodríguez; Hugo Ramírez Álvarez; María Elena Trujillo Ortega; Roberto Kretschmer Schmid; Álvaro Aguilar Setién

2003, Number 2

Next >>

Vet Mex 2003; 34 (2)

Immunoelectrotransference detection of antibodies against caprine artritis encephalitis virus (CAEV)

Tesoro CE, Hernández GR, Martínez RA, Ramírez ÁH, Trujillo OME, Kretschmer SR, Aguilar SA

Full text

How to cite this article

Language: English/Spanish
References: 29
Page: 119-127
PDF size: 91.70 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) is present in Mexico, but its precise prevalence and incidence remains unknown. In order to evaluate the use of immunoelectrotransference or western blot (WB) for the detection of anti-caprine arthritis encephalitis virus antibodies in goats, 50 random serum samples from indigenous animals were analyzed (25 from Amazcala, Queretaro and 25 from Cuatitlan, State of Mexico), and compared with the ELISA. Animals were considered positive for WB when at least a single protein was codified by the gag gene simultaneously with another gene: env/pol; the same criteria used for HIV/AIDS detection. Five antigen - antibody bands (12, 14, 25, 50 and 135 kDa) were considered reliable diagnostic markers. When ELISA was used, 33 sera were positive, and 17 were negative. All 33 ELISA - positive sera were also WB positive. Of the 17 negative ELISA - sera samples, nine were positive and eight were negative by WB. There is a significant correlation between ELISA and WB serological tests (P ‹ 0.0003). The WB had greater sensitivity than ELISA since it detected eight more positive sera. These results indicate that WB is a useful tool for confirmatory diagnosis of CAEV, as has been the case with VIH/AIDS in Mexico.

REFERENCES

Crawford TB, Adams DS, Cheevers WP, Cork LC. Chronic arthritis in goats caused by a retrovirus. Science 1980;207:997-999.
2. Narayan O, Cork LC. Lentiviral diseases of sheep and goats: chronic pneumonia, leukencephalomyelitis and arthritis. Rev Inf Dis 1985;7:89-98.
3. Gogolewski R, Adams DS, McGuire TC, Banks KL, Cheevers WP. Antigenic cross-reactivity between caprine arthritis encephalitis, visna and progressive pneumonia viruses involves all virion-associated proteins and glycoproteins. J Gen Virol 1985;66:1233-1240.
4. Ellis TM, Wilcox GE, Robinson WF. Antigenic variation of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus during persistent infection of goats. J Gen Virol 1987;68:3145-3152.
5. Murphy F, Gibbs E, Horzinek M, Studdert M. Veterinary virology. 3rd ed. San Diego (Ca):, Academic Press, 1999.
6. Tesoro CE. Estudio de relaciones inmunológicas entre el virus de artritis encefalitis caprina (VAEC) y el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana tipo 1 (VIH-1) (tesis de maestría). México (DF) México: Facultad de Ciencias. UNAM, 2001.
7. Saltarelli M, Quetat G, Konings DAM, Vigne R, Clements JE. Nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of molecular clones of CAEV which generate infectious virus. Virology 1999;179:347-364.
8. Leyva GVH, Martínez RHA, González RG, Cornejo CMA, Rosales ME, Garrido FG et al. Identificación del virus de la artritis encefalitis caprina mediante el estudio histopatológico, inmunohistoquímico y ultraestructural, en tejidos de cabras seropositivas en México. Rev Latinoam Microbiol 1998;40:33-38.
9. Daltabuit TM, De la Concha BA, Espinosa LEL, Loza RE, Aguilar SA. Isolation of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus from goats in Mexico. Can J Vet Res 1999;63:212-215.
10. Crawford TB, Adams DS. Caprine arthritis encephalitis: clinical features and presence of antibody in selected goat populations. Am J Vet Med Assoc 1981;178:713-719.
11. Cutlip RC, Lehmkuhl HD, Sacks JM, Weaver AL. Prevalence of antibody to caprine arthritis – encephalitis virus in goats in the United States. Am J Vet Med Assoc 1992;200: 802-805.
12. Nazara CS, Trigo FJ, Suberbie E. Estudio serológico de la artritis encefalitis caprina en México. Téc Pec Méx 1985;48:9-18.
13. Nazara CS, Trigo FJ, Suberbie E, Madrigal U. Estudio clínico patológico de la artritis encefalitis caprina en México. Rev Vet Méx 1985;16:91-100.
14. Petursson G, Hoff-Jorgensen R. Developments in veterinary virology “maedi-visna and related diseases”, 2nd ed. (CA, USA) Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990.
15. Martinez HA, Ramirez H, Tortora PJL, Montaraz CJA. Detection of antibodies in seminal liquid of animals infected with goat arthritis encephalitis by western blotting. International Conference and Workshop on Animal Retroviruses Memories; September 3-6 2000; Queens´ College, Cambridge (UK). Cambridge, UK, 2000.
16. Schroeder BA, Oliver RE, Cathcart A. The development and evaluation of an ELISA for the detection of antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus in goat sera. NZ Vet J 1985;33:213-215.
17. Narayan O, Clements JE. Biology and pathogenesis of lentiviruses. J Gen Virol 1989; 70:1617-1639.
18. Wilkerson MJ, Davis WC, Baszler TV, Cheevers WP. Immunopathology of chronic lentivirus – induced arthritis. Am J Pathol 1995;146:1433-1443.
19. Cork LC, Hadlow WJ, Crawford TB, Gorham, JR, Piper RC. Infectious leukoencephalomyelitis of young goats. J Inf Dis 1974;129:134-141.
20. Adams DS, Klevjer-Anderson P, Carloson JL, McGuire TC, Gorham JR. Transmission and control of caprine arthritis – encephalitis. Am J Vet Res 1983;44:1670-1675.
21. Zanoni R, Krieg A and Peterhans. Detection of antibodies to caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus by the protein G enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting. J Clin Microbiol 1989; 27:580-582.
22. Dodd RY, Fang CT. The western immunoblot procedure for HIV antibodies and its interpretation. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1990;114:240-245.
23. World Health Organization. Guidelines for biological safety cabinets. AIDS No 9 Geneve, Switzerland: WHO, 1992.
24. Dawson-Saunders B, Trapp RG. Basic and clinical biostatistics. 2nd ed. Norwalk, (Co): Appleton & Langue, 1994.
25. Sonigo P, Alizon M, Staskus K, Klatzmann D, Cole S, Danos O, et al. Nucleotide sequence of the visna lentivirus: relationship to the AIDS virus. Cell 1985;42:369-382.
26. Braun MJ, Clements JE, Gonda MA. The visna virus genome: evidence for a hipervariable site in the env gene and sequence homology among lentivirus envelope proteins . J Virol 1987;61:4046-4054.
27. Querat G, Audoly G, Sonigo P, Vigner R. Nucleotide sequence analysis of SA - OMVV, a visna related ovine lentivirus: philogenetic history of lentiviruses. Virology 1990;175: 434-447.
28. Sargan DR, Bennet ID, Cousens C, Roy DJ, Blacklaws BA, Dlaziel RG, Watt NJ, McConnnel I. Nucleotide sequence of EV1, a British isolate of maedi – visna virus. J Gen Virol 1991;72:1893-1903.
29. Knowles DP, Evermann JF, Shropshire C, Vanerschalie J. Bradway D, Gezon HM, Cheevers WP. Evaluation of agar gel immunodiffusion serology using caprine and ovine lentiviral antigens for detection of antibody to caprine arthritis –encephalitis virus. J Clin Microbiol 1994;32:243-245.