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2013, Number 2

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RCAN 2013; 23 (2)

Obesity in Cuba. A look at its evolution in different population groups

Jiménez ASM, Rodríguez SA, Díaz SME

Language: Spanish
References: 29
Page: 297-308
PDF size: 213.16 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction. Excessive body weight has been associated with an obesogenic environment favoring obesity. Cuba is no exemption as a country living an advanced state of the epidemiological transition. Objective. To describe the evolution of overweight and obesity in different groups of the Cuban population. Material and Method. The current state of excessive body weight in its two forms (overweight + obesity) in Cuba was established from information given by the Nutritional and Food Survellaince System (SISVAN for Spanish “Sistema de Vigilancia Alimentaria y Nutricional”), and the results of surveys completed on growth and development and existing risk health factors. Results. In 1997 14.7% of Cuban women started their pregnancy with excessive body weight. Twelve years later this figure has increased up to 27.1%: a 45.7% increase. In children with ages under 5 years the increase in excessive body weight was 31.6% between 2002 – 2012 years. Overweight prevailed among boys, but obesity was independent from child’s sex. The current frequency of excessive body weight in Cuban teen-agers was 19.0%. Behavior of obesity in Cuban adult population showed a similar increase in both sexes: Males: 1982: 5.1%; 1995: 6.1%; 2001: 7.9%; 2012: 11.5%; Females: 1982: 12.2%; 1995: 11.1%; 2001: 15.4%; 2012: 18.4%; respectively. This implies a 125.5% increase for men, and 50.8% increase for women, during the period of observation. Prevalence of excessive body weight (reuniting overweight + obesity) has evolved from 35.5% in 1982 up to 44.3% in 2012, representing a 0.3% yearly increase. Interventions aimed to ameliorate, stop and revert the observed upward trend of obesity in Cuban population should be designed by means of promotion of adequate food habits, physical activity, and proper training of the different actors involved.


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