Ardila MCM, Botero ZL, Guzmán ZIC

Language: Spanish
References: 21
Page: 532-544
PDF size: 451.31 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Background: some authors documented difference in the clinical characteristics and in the prevalence of periodontopathogens associated with aggressive and chronic periodontitis among the populations studied.
Objective: to compare the demographic, clinical and microbiological characteristics between patients diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis in a Colombian population.
Methods: in this cross-sectional study, the universe consisted of 94 patients: 40 with chronic periodontitis, 40 with aggressive periodontitis and 14 controls without periodontitis. A complete periodontal examination that evaluated the most important periodontal parameters was performed. Microbiological samples were taken from patients at sites with a probing depht ≥ 5 mm. Periodontopathogens were identified performing a polymerase chain reaction. The sociodemographic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire.
Results: a higher proportion of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tanerella forsythia in chronic periodontitis group was found (p ‹ 0.05). Similarly, a higher proportion of Aggregatibacter actynomicetemcomitans was observed in the group of aggressive periodontitis, with statistically significant differences (p ‹ 0.05). A higher number of smokers in the chronic periodontitis group were found (p ‹ 0.05). The association between periodontitis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans performed by the multinomial logistic regression analysis was retained after adjusting for confounding variables. Periodontal worst parameters were observed in patients with chronic periodontitis compared with the other two groups, and the differences were statistically significant (p ‹ 0.05). Similarly, patients with aggressive periodontitis had higher probing depth and attachment loss compared with those without periodontitis (p ‹ 0.05). Younger people and lower socioeconomic status were observed in the aggressive periodontitis group (p ‹ 0.05).
Conclusions: the results of this study show some special microbiological and clinical characteristics of aggressive and chronic periodontitis in the population studied. In terms of strategies for prevention and treatment of periodontal disease, clinicians should be aware of potential differences in the subgingival microbiota and their association with periodontal status in a particular population.

REFERENCES

1. Urushibara Y, Ohshima T, Sato M, Hayashi Y, Hayakawa T, Maeda N, et al. An analysis of the biofilms adhered to framework alloys using in vitro denture plaque models. Dent Mater J. 2014 Mar;33(3):402-14.

2. Beall CJ, Campbell AG, Dayeh DM, Griffen AL, Podar M, Leys EJ. Single cell genomics of uncultured, health-associated Tannerella BU063 (Oral Taxon 286) and comparison to the closely related pathogen Tannerella forsythia. PLoS One. 2014 Feb;9(2):e89398.

3. Onishi H, Arakawa S, Nakajima T, Izumi Y. Levels of specific immunoglobulin G to the forsythia detaching factor of Tannerella forsythia in gingival crevicular fluid are related to the periodontal status. J Periodont Res. 2010 Oct;45:672-80.

4. Oettinger-Barak O, Sela M, Sprecher H, Machtei E. Clinical and microbiological characterization of localized aggressive periodontitis: a cohort study. Aust Dent J. 2014 Jun;59(2):165-71.

5. Susin C, Haas AN, Albandar JM. Epidemiology and demographics of aggressive periodontitis. Periodontol 2000. 2014 Jun;65(1):27-45.

6. Sanders AE, Campbell SM, Mauriello SM, Beck JD, Jimenez MC, Kaste LM, et al. Heterogeneity in periodontitis prevalence in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Ann Epidemiol. 2014 Jun;24(6):455-62

7. Eke PI, Dye BA, Wei L, Thornton-Evans GO, Genco RJ. Prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: 2009 and 2010. J Dent Res 2012 Oct;91(10):914-20.

8. Lafaurie GI, Contreras A, Barón A, Botero J, Mayorga-Fayad I, Jaramillo A, et al. Demographic, clinical, and microbial aspects of chronic and aggressive periodontitis in Colombia: a multicenter study. J Periodontol. 2007 Apr;78(4):629-39Casati

9. Casarin RC, Ribeiro Edel P, Mariano FS, Nociti FH Jr, MZ, Gonçalves RB. Levels of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, inflammatory cytokines and species-specific immunoglobulin G in generalized aggressive and chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res. 2010 Oct;45(5):635-42.

10. Araujo MW, Hovey KM, Benedek JR, Grossi SG, Dorn J, Wactawski-Wende J, et al. Reproducibility of probing depth measurement using a constant-force electronic probe: analysis of inter- and intraexaminer variability. J Periodontol. 2003 Dec;74:1736-40.

11. Armitage GC. Development of a classification system for periodontal diseases and conditions. Ann Periodontol. 1999 Dec;4(1):1-6.

12. Ashimoto A, Chen C, Bakker I, Slots, J. Polymerase chain reaction detection of 8 putative periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque. Oral Microbiol Immunol. 1996 Aug;11:266-73.

13. Saiki RK, Gelfand DH, Stoffel S, Scharf SJ, Higuchi R, Horn GT, et al. Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science. 1988 Jan;29:487-91.

14. Corraini P, Baelum V, Pannuti CM, Romito GA, Aquino DR, Cortelli SC, et al. Subgingival microbial profiles as diagnostic markers of destructive periodontal diseases: a clinical epidemiology study. Acta Odontol Scand. 2013 Mar;71(2):289-99.

15. Tomita S, Komiya-Ito A, Imamura K, Kita D, Ota K, Takayama S, et al. Prevalence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia in Japanese patients with generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Microb Pathog. 2013 Aug-Sep;61-62:11-5.

16. Rodrigues AS, Lourenção DS, Lima Neto LG, Pannuti CM, Hirata RD, Hirata MH, et al. Clinical and microbiologic evaluation, by real-time polymerase chain reaction, of non-surgical treatment of aggressive periodontitis associated with amoxicillin and metronidazole. J Periodontol. 2012 Jun;83(6):744-52.

17. Ramich T, Schacher B, Scharf S, Röllke L, Arndt R, Eickholz P, et al. Subgingival plaque sampling after combined mechanical and antibiotic nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Clin Oral Investig. 2014 Feb 20.

18. Tyagi P, Vaish S, Dodwad V. Clinical efficacy of subgingivally delivered 0.5% controlled release azithromycin gel in the management of chronic periodontitis. Indian J Med Sci. 2011 Jun;65(6):223-30.

19. Calderini A, Pantaleo G, Rossi A, Gazzolo D, Polizzi E. Adjunctive effect of chlorhexidine antiseptics in mechanical periodontal treatment: first results of a preliminary case series. Int J Dent Hyg 2013 Aug;11(3):180-5.

20. Alpagot T, Wolff LF, Smith QT, Tran SD. Risk indicators for periodontal disease in a racially diverse urban population. J Clin Periodontol. 1996 Nov;23:982-8.

21. Sirinian G, Shimizu T, Sugar C, Slots J, Chen C. Periodontopathic bacteria in young healthy subjects of different ethnic backgrounds in Los Angeles. J Periodontol. 2002 Mar;73:283-8.