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ISSN 2070-8718 (Print)

2010, Number 3

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Rev Cub Gen 2010; 4 (3)

Investigation of congenital malformations by the determination of alphafetoprotein in maternal serum. Las Tunas, 1986-2008

Orive RNM, Varona PF, Martínez RG, Hechavarría RN, Raad LAF

Language: Spanish
References: 19
Page: 17-22
PDF size: 885.47 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Birth defects are among the first causes of death in children and affect their quality of life and of their families, frequently demand hospitalization and produce high costs. Screening the levels of alphafetoprotein in maternal serum produced by the fetus is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of a number of birth defects, as confirmed by genetic ultrasound. In order to describe the results of the implementation of a screening program for birth defects in Las Tunas province from 1986 to 2008, as well as its impact in the reduction of the mortality rate in the territory, the registries available at the Provincial Center of Medical Genetics were analyzed and time series for the previously mentioned period were elaborated. The annual positivity index for the alphafetoprotein test, the percentage of cases confirmed by ultrasound, the coverage by municipality and the yearly and decade provincial average of cases were calculated. During the twenty-three years of existence of the screening program in Las Tunas, a total of 155 544 pregnant women were investigated and 11 608 out of them showed increased alphafetoprotein levels. The historical positivity index was 7,7%, although the obstetrical conditions were the most frequent reasons to account for the increased concentrations. A total of 311 malformations were diagnosed, out of which 173 were closure defects of the neural tube, and 288 pregnancies were interrupted. The program coverage achieved during 2008 in the eight municipalities of the province was above 95%.


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