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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2014, Number 4

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2014; 15 (4)

Rhinocerebral mucormycosis: A case report of an infant with diabetic ketoacidosis

Valdez-Geraldo CM, Zavala-Ruiz MG, Collado-Castro I, Ramírez-Villela C, Olguín A

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 229-233
PDF size: 215.09 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Mucormycosis (zygomycosis) is an acute, invasive, often fatal and opportunistic saprophytic fungal infection caused by aerobic fungi pertaining to the mucoraceae family. It is commonly observed in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis, leukemia, lymphoma with severe and prolonged neutropenia, or other immunocompromised patients such as those on cancer chemotherapy. Acquired by inhaling and germination of spores, hyphae invade the vascular endothelium, inducing thrombosis and tissue infarction in the paranasal mucosae and surrounding maxillofacial tissues. Rhinocerebral variety is most frequently found in diabetic patients. Although this infection implies a high mortality, prognosis in general has improved during the last years due to therapeutic measures implemented in a timely manner, by restoring fluid, electrolytes and acid-base equilibrium and early use of amphotericin B and posaconazole, supplemented with the use of a radically aggressive surgery. It is essential to suspect the existence of this condition in patients with predisposing factors, in order to reach an early diagnosis.


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