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2014, Number 1

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Rev Cubana Pediatr 2014; 86 (1)

Tuberculosis in children younger than 15 years

Abreu SG, Cabezas CL, Rosales RE, Muñoz PR, González VJA, Rodríguez VLE

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 59-67
PDF size: 186.30 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Havana is the province with the highest t incidence of infant tuberculosis in Cuba.
Objective: to characterize infant tuberculosis in Havana.
Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in patients younger than 5 years in the period of 2001 through 2010. Some variables were checked in the epidemiological surveys such as demographic variables, location, clinical form and data, which led to the diagnosis.
Results: there were reported an incidence of 44 cases, and initial and final rates of 2.2 and 2.1 per 100 000 inhabitants aged 0-14 years, respectively. Except for the years 2003 and 2006, the rates of Havana province were well over the domestic mean as it was the case of the percentage of infant cases with respect to the total number of patients. Children younger than 5 years prevailed; no nurslings were reported. Females (54.5 %) were the most affected in general, although males predominated in children under-5 years of age. The most affected municipalities were Cerro and Arroyo Naranjo (7 and 5 cases, respectively) followed by Centro Habana, Plaza, Marianao and 10 de Octubre with 4 each. Pulmonary location predominated (38-86.4 %), mainly the primary form, with 15.8 % positive bacilloscopies, all in adult-type pulmonary forms. The result of Mantoux's test was ≥ 10 mm in 68.2 %. The infective contact was identified in 88 % of cases, mainly in children aged less than 5 years, who got infected more frequently at home.
Conclusions: although Havana province has demographic conditions that favor disease transmission, one must perform more thorough active screening to control foci, and for other more vulnerable groups to contribute to eliminate tuberculosis.


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