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ISSN 0188-9796 (Print)

2013, Number 3

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Rev Endocrinol Nutr 2013; 21 (3)

Pathophysiology of diabetes and death mechanisms in pancreatic β cells

Cervantes-Villagrana RD, Presno-Bernal JM

Language: Spanish
References: 47
Page: 98-106
PDF size: 242.72 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by a defect in the regulation of blood glucose by insulin. Currently, the prevalence of diabetes is high in the Mexican population, ranking as the second leading cause of mortality. Commonly diabetes is classified based on the trigger source, whereby diabetes is type 1, type 2, MODY, among others. The pathophysiology of the disease involves progressive deterioration of the integrity of pancreatic β-cells responsible for the secretion of insulin in response to increased blood glucose. Cell death as a result of hyperglycemia is a common process in the different types of diabetes, and the elucidation of the mechanisms involved in this process will foster the development of new therapeutic strategies useful in preventing the damage and even reversing the loss of cell mass in patients with advanced diabetes. In this paper, we review some of the processes that are altered during diabetes, including insulin secretion, and insulin receptor signaling, as well as the mechanisms involved in the loss of integrity of the pancreatic β-cells by inflammatory phenomena.


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