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2014, Number 1

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Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter 2014; 30 (1)

Diagnostic, evolutive and therapeutic aspects of chronic myeloid leukemia

Avila COM, Expósito DYC, González PL, Espinosa EE, Hernández PC, Ramón RLG, Izquierdo CL, Mustelier CG, Roque GW, Bencomo HA

Language: Spanish
References: 35
Page: 47-58
PDF size: 146.86 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a chronic myeloproliferative syndrome characterized by the presence of a citogenetic alteration in proliferant cells, the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), giving rise the formation of a hybrid gene BCR-ABL, with a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Objective: To describe the clinical behavior of the illness in patients treated at the Institute of Hematology and Immunology.
Methods: Characteristics according to diagnose, evolution and therapeutic aspects of the patients treated at from March 1974 to June 2012 were studied.
Results: The age group that prevailed for both sexes was 30-39 years; 21 % of the patients were asintomatic at diagnosis. Splenomegaly was the predominant sign in 64 % of the patients. The most significant initial discoveries on blood film were leucocytosis, basophillia and anemia; at debut 81 % of the patients were in chronic phase. Most patients debuted with high levels of LDH. Ph chromosome was observed in 68 % of individuals with cytogenetc studies. The BCR/ABL gene was detected in every patient with molecular studies. The mean of survival in relation to treatment was higher in patients treated with imatinib mesilate at diagnosis (11.7 years). The mean of global survival was 11.44 years with the median of 8.18 years.
Conclusion: All demographic, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic parameters coincided with the literature with the exception of a lower age at onset of CML.


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