Flores-Gutiérrez EO, Cervantes JJ, Torres ÁM, Alcauter SS

Language: Spanish
References: 62
Page: 449-457
PDF size: 426.50 Kb.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study is the assessment of the differences in brain activity when patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) listen to two different types of music, with healthy subjects as control, by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain activity in musical stimuli with healthy subjects has been investigated extensively, but there are few neurobiologic music studies in mental illness, particularly in MDD. Studies in this area provide a new perspective on interdisciplinary research to explore the neurobiological substrates of MDD. This study involved 20 male subjects: 10 patients (34 ±7 years), and 10 control subjects (33 ± 7 years). The MDD Patients were selected in the pre-consultation service of the National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM) of Mexico City, and control subjects were selected among workers of the Institute who responded to the invitation. All participants completed the Hamilton scales for anxiety and depression, Beck inventories for depression and anxiety and, the SCL-90-R. The Mini–Mental State Examination test was also administered to patients for diagnostic purposes. The fMRI was obtained by Philips Achieva 3-Tesla in the INPRF; the analysis was done using SPM2 format MRIcro system. The experimental stimuli were two pieces of music: one by JS Bach validated as quiet and another one by J Prodromidès validated as disturbing. Results show differences between both groups of subjects and between types of music. In all cases, the parahippocampal area, the tail of the caudate nucleus and the auditory temporal cortex were activated. The neurobiological processing of music is affected by MDD. We discuss the clinical and cognitive implications of these findings.

REFERENCES

1. Lara-Muñoz MC, Robles-García R, Orozco R, Real T et al. Estudio de costo-efectividad del tratamiento de la depresión en México. Salud Mental 2010;33:301-308.

2. Ruiz LG, Colin RF, Corlay IS, Lara MC et al. Trastorno depresivo mayor en México: La relación entre la intensidad de la depresión, los síntomas físicos dolorosos y la calidad de vida. Salud Mental 2007;30(02):25-32.

3. Medina-Mora ME, Borges G, Benjet C, Lara C et al. Psychiatric disorders in Mexico: lifetime prevalence in a nationally representative sample. British J Psychiatry 2007;190:521-528.

4. Nielzén S, Cesarec Z. Emotional experience of music by psychiatric patients, compared with normal subjects. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 1982;65(6):450–460.

5. Punkanen M, Eerola T, Erkkilä J. Biased emotional recognition in depression: Perception of emotions in music by depressed patients. J Affect Disord 2011;130(1-2):118-126.

6. Naranjo C, Kornreich C, Campanella S, Noël X et al. Major depression is associated with impaired processing of emotion in music as well as in facial and vocal stimuli. J Affect Disord 2011;28(3):243-51.

7. Osuch EA, Bluhm RL, Williamson PC, Théberge J et al. Brain activation to favorite music in healthy controls and depressed patients. Neuroreport 2009;20(13):1204-1208.

8. Flores-Gutiérrez EO, Díaz JL. The emotional response to music: attribution of emotion words to musical segments. Salud Mental 2009;32(1):21-34.

9. Stefanescu C, Ciobica A. The relevance of oxidative stress status in first episode and recurrent depression. J Affect Disord 2012;143(1-3):34-38.

10. Lee RS, Hermens DF, Porter MA, Redoblado-Hodge MA. A metaanalysis of cognitive deficits in first-episode major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2012;140(2):113-124.

11. Guo W, Liu F, Dai Y, Jiang M et al. Decreased interhemispheric resting- state functional connectivity in first-episode, drug-naive major depressive disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013;5(41C):24-29.

12. Wang Y, Jia Y, Chen X, Ling X et al. Hippocampal N-acetylaspartate and morning cortisol levels in drug-naive, first-episode patients with major depressive disorder: effects of treatment. J Psychopharmacol 2012;26(11):1463-470.

13. Bschor T, Uhr M, Baethge C, Lewitzka U et al. Acute antidepressive efficacy of lithium monotherapy, not citalopram, depends on recurrent course of depression. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2013;33(1):38-44.

14. Solis-Ortiz S, Ramos J, Arce C, Guevara MA et al. EEG oscillations during menstrual cycle. Int J Neurosci 1994;76:279–292.

15. Ramos-Loyo J, Guevara MA, Martínez A, Arce C et al. Evaluacion de los estados afectivos provocados por la musica. Revista Mexicana Psicología 1996;13(2):131-145.

16. Flores-Gutiérrez EO, Díaz JL, Barrios FA, Favila-Humara R et al. Metabolic and electric brain patterns during pleasant and unpleasant emotions induced by music masterpieces. International J Psychophysiology 2007;65(1):69-84.

17. Friston KJ, Holmes AP, Poline JB, Grasby PJ et al. Analysis of fMRI time-series revisited. NeuroImage 1995;2:45–53.

18. Lancaster JL, Woldorff MG, Parsons LM, Liotti M, Automated Talairach Atlas labels for functional brain mapping. Hum Brain Mapp 2000;10:120–131.

19. Blood A, Zatorre R. Intensely pleasurable responses to music correlate with activity in brain regions implicated in reward and emotion. Proceedings National Academy Sciences 2001;98(20):11818–11823.

20. Brown S, Martinez MJ, Parsons LM. Passive music listening spontaneously engages limbic and paralimbic systems. Neuroreport 2004;15(13):2033-2037.

21. Koelsch S, Fritz TV, Cramon DY, Muller K et al. Investigating emotion with music: An fMRI study. Human Brain Mapping 2006;27: 239-250.

22. Leaver Amber M, Jennifer Van Lare, Brandon Zielinski, Andrea R. Brain activation during anticipation of sound sequences. J Neuroscience 2009;29(8):2477–2485.

23. Stoy M, Schlagenhauf F, Sterzer P, Bermpohl F et al. Hyporeactivity of ventral striatum towards incentive stimuli in unmedicated depressed patients normalizes after treatment with escitalopram. J Psychopharmacol 2012;26(5):677-688.

24. Huron D. Sweet anticipation: Music and the psychology of expectation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006; Pp. 1-18.

25. Pyszczynski T, Holt K, Greenberg J. Depression, self-focused attention, and expectancies for positive and negative future life events for self and others. J Pers Soc Psychol 1987;52(5):994-1001.

26. Rood L, Roelofs J, Bögels SM, Alloy LB. Dimensions of negative thinking and the relations with symptoms of depression and anxiety in children and adolescents. Cogn Ther Res 2010;34:333–342.

27. Raichle ME, MacLeod AM, Snyder AZ, Powers WJ et al. A default mode of brain function. PNAS 2001;98(2):676–682.

28. Sheline YI, Barcha DM, Price JL, Rundle MM. The default mode network and self-referential processes in depression. PNAS 2009;106(6):1942–1947.

29. Whitfield-Gabrieli S, Ford JM. Default mode network activity and connectivity in psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2012;8:49-76.

30. Berman MG, Peltier S, Nee DE, Kross E et al. Depression rumination and the default network. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2011;6(5):548-555.

31. Sheline YI, Price J, Yan Z, Mintun MA. Resting-state functional MRI in depression unmasks increased connectivity between networks via the dorsal nexus. PNAS 2010;107(24):11020–11025.

32. Hasselmo ME, Stern CE. Mechanisms underlying working memory for novel information. Trends Cogn Sci 2006;10:487-493.

33. Henke K. A model for memory systems based on processing modes rather than consciousness. Nat Rev Neurosci 2010;11:523-532.

34. Altenmüller E, Schürmann K, Lim VK, Parlitz D. Hits to the left, flops to the right: different emotions during listening to music are reflected in cortical lateralization patterns. Neuropsychologia 2002;40(13):2242-2256.

35. Bullmore E, Sporns O. The economy of brain network organization. Nature Reviews 2012;13:336-349.

36. Tillmann B, Bharucha J, Bigand E. Implicit learning of regularities in Western tonal music by self-organization. En: Connectionist models of learning, development and evolution. Proceedings of the sixth neural computation and psychology conference. Londres: Springer; 2001; pp. 175-184.

37. Jones MR, Boltz M. Dynamic attending and responses to time. Psychological Review 1989;96:459-491.

38. Koelsch S, Gunter T, Friederici AD. Brain indices of music processing: “nonmusicians” are musical. J Cognitive Neuroscience 2000;12(3):520- 541.

39. Bigand E. The influence of implicit harmony, rhythm and musical training on the abstraction of “tension-relaxation schemes” in a tonal musical phrase. Contemporary Music Review 1993;9:128-139.

40. Bigand E. Perceiving musical stability: The effect of tonal structure, rhythm and musical expertise. J Experimental Psychology: Human Perception Performance 1997:21:808-822.

41. Bigand E, Madurell F, Tillmann B, Pineau M. Effect of global structure and temporal organization on chord processing. J Experimental Psychology: Human Perception Performance 1999;25:184-197.

42. Smith JB, Alloway KD. Functional specificity of claustrum connections in the rat: Interhemispheric communication between specific parts of motor cortex. J Neurosci 2010;30(50):16832–16844.

43. Arnow BA, Desmond JE, Banner LL, Glover GH et al. Brain activation and sexual arousal in healthy, heterosexual males. Brain 2002;125:1014-1023.

44. Crick FC, Koch C. What is the function of the claustrum? Phil Trans R Soc B 2005;360:1271–1279.

45. Mathur BN, Caprioli RM, Deutch AY. Proteomic analysis illuminates a novel structural definition of the claustrum and insula. Cerebral Cortex 2009;19:2372—2379.

46. Biver F, Wikler D, Lotstra F, Damhaut P et al. Serotonin 5-HT2 receptor imaging in major depression; focal changes in orbito-insular cortex. Br J Psychiatry 1997;171:444-448.

47. Mayberg HS, Liotti M, Brannan SK, McGinnis S et al. Reciprocal limbic- cortical function and negative mood: converging PET findings in depression and normal sadness. Am J Psychiatry 1999;156:675-682.

48. Kennedy SH, Evans KR, Kruger S, Mayberg HS et al. Changes in regional brain glucose metabolism measured with positron emission tomography after paroxetine treatment of major depression. Am J Psychiatry 2001;158:899-905.

49. Lamm C, Singer T. The role of anterior insular cortex in social emotions. Brain Struct Funct 2010;214:579–591.

50. Nagai M, Kishi K, Kato S. Insular cortex and neuropsychiatric disorders: A review of recent literature. European Psychiatry 2007;22(6):387-394.

51. Patel AD. Language, music, syntax and the brain. Nature Neurosci 2003;6:674–681.

52. Levitin DJ, Menon V. Musical structure is processed in “language” areas of the brain: a possible role for Brodmann Area 47 in temporal coherence. NeuroImage 2003;20:2142–2152.

53. Koelsch S, Kasper E, Gunter TC, Sammler D et al. Music, language, and meaning: Brain signatures of semantic processing. Nat Neurosci 2004;7:302-307.

54. Joseph R. Neuropsychiatry, neuropsychology, clinical neuroscience. New York: Academic Press; 2000.

55. Yeterian EH, Van Hoesen GW. Cortico-striate projections in the rhesus monkey: The organization of certain cortico-caudate connections. Brain Research 1978;139(1):43–63.

56. Lidaka T, Matsumoto A, Ozaki N, Suzuki T et al. Iwata Volume of left amygdala subregion predicted temperamental trait of harm avoidance in female young subjects. A voxel-based morphometry study. Brain Res 2006;1125(1):85-93.

57. Seger CA, Cincotta CM. The roles of the caudate nucleus in human classification learning. J Neuroscience 2005;25(11):2941–2951.

58. Grahn JA, Parkinson JA, Owen AM. The cognitive functions of the caudate nucleus. Prog Neurobiol 2008;86(3):141-55.

59. Nestler E, Barrot M, DiLeone R, Eisch A et al. Neurobiology of depression. Neuron 2002;34:13–25.

60. Galynker I, Cai J, Ongseng F, Finestone H et al. Hypofrontality and negative symptoms in major depressive disorder. J Nuclear Medicine 1998;39(4):608-612.

61. Ito H, Kawashima R, Awata S, Ono S et al. Hypoperfusion in the Limbic System and Prefrontal Cortex in Depression: SPECT with anatomic standardization technique. J Nuclear Medicine 1996;37(3):410-414.

62. Mayberg H, Lewis P, Regenold W, Wagner H Jr. Paralimbic hypoperfusion in unipolar depression. J Nuclear Medicine 1994;35(6);929-934.