medigraphic.com
ISSN 1025-0255 (Electronic)

2013, Number 6

<< Back Next >>

AMC 2013; 17 (6)

Cholesterol, triglycerides and other factors of risk in patients with diabetic macular edema

Chávez PI, Aguilar RM, Rodríguez PA, Cuellar TOL

Language: Spanish
References: 40
Page: 717-730
PDF size: 202.37 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: diabetic retinopathy and its complications is the main cause of the decrease of visual acuity of people, owing to the factors of risk and to a poor metabolic control of the disease; its diagnosis is a daily challenge for ophthalmologists.
Objective: to determine the presenceof dyslipemias and other factors of risk in patients with diabetic macular edema.
Methods: a crosssectional, observational, descriptive study was conducted in patients with diabetic macular edema that assisted to the consultation of retina at the Carlos J. Finlay Ophthalmologic Center from October, 2011 to October, 2012. The universe was composed of 100 patients and the nonprobabilistic sample included 80 patients that matched the criteria of inclusion. The patients had to fill in a form to get information about them. The results were related to the next variables: time of evolution of the diabetes mellitus, pharmacological treatment, cholesterol and triglycerides levels, and alterations in the microperimetry. For making the microperimetry, the automatic protocol for the 12degrees macula, 45 macular points, was used.
Results: most of the patients that assisted to the consultation presented a clinically significant macular edema, with diabetes of more than ten years of evolution. Patients treated with insulin and those that presented high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides also assisted to the consultation. The greater number of patients presented alterations in the microperimetry.
Conclusions: the greater number of the patients that assisted to the consultation presented macular edema in a referred classification. The close relation that exist between the diabetic macular edema and factors like the time of evolution of the diabetes, the pharmacological treatment and the cholesterol and triglycerides levels, was showed. In patients with more than ten years of evolution of the diabetes, the macular edema was more frequent in those treated with insulin and in those that presented high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. Microperimetry showed abnormal results in patients with this type of macular edema.


REFERENCES

  1. Viquez Viquez MC. Retinopatia Diabética. Rev Costarric Salud Pública. 2011;20(2):4567.

  2. American Diabetes Association. Diagnosis and classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2007;30(1):427.

  3. Licea Puig ME, Cruz Hernández J, Maciquez Rodríguez E. Factores de riesgo asociados con la aparición de la retinopatía diabética. Rev Cubana Endocrino. 2007;18(3):679.

  4. Licea Puig ME, Cruz Hernández J, Domínguez Alonso E, Maciquez Rodríguez E. Frecuencia de retinopatía diabética y su relación con algunas variables clínicas y bioquímicas asociadas a la diabetes tipo 1. Rev Cubana Endocrinol. 2006;17(3):6773.

  5. Sivakurma R, Ravindran G, Mathayya M, Lakshminarayanan S, Velmurughendran CU. Diabetic retinopathy analysis. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2005;207.

  6. Cundiff DK, Nigg CR. Diet and diabetic retinopathy: insights from the diabetes control and complications trial (DCCT). Medscape General Med. 2005;7:13.

  7. Schachat AP. A New Look at an Old Treatment for Diabetic Macular Edema. Ophthalmology. 2008;115:14456.

  8. Klein R, Knudtson MD, Lee KE, Gangnon R, Klein BEK. The Wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy XXIII: the twentyfiveyear. 2009;116(3):497503.

  9. Romero P. Actualización en la epidemiología del edema macular diabético. Anals de Oftalmologia. 2005;13(2):92102.

  10. Hernández Pérez A, Tirado Martínez OM, Rivas Canino MC, Licea Puig M, Maciquez Rodriguez E. Factores de riesgo en el desarrollo de la retinopatía diabética. Rev Cubana Oftalmol. 2011;24(1):5467.

  11. Jew Ong M, Peyman M, Chen Chen T, Visvaraja S. Risk factors for clinically significant macular edema in a multiethnics population with type 2 diabetes. Int J Ophthalmol. 2012;5(4):499–504.

  12. Cañizo Gómez FG, Fernández Pérez C, Moreno Ruiz I, Pérez Jáuregui CG, Silveira Rodríguez B, González Losada T, et al. Microvascular complications and risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes Endocrinology y Nutrition. 2011;58(4):16368.

  13. Ajoy Mohan VK, Suneetha N, Jyothi I. Microalbuminuria and low hemoglobin as risk factors for the occurrence and increasing severity of diabetic retinopathy. 2011;59(3):20710.

  14. Botet JP, Benaiges D, Pedregosa À. Dislipidemia diabética, macro y microangiopatía.Clín Invest Arter. 2012;24(6):299305.

  15. Fox Young MM, Pedersen MM, Giambuzzi TS, Kester Mark, Gardner TW. Endocrinology and metabolism. Ame J Physiol. 2011;63(3):6009.

  16. Rey Romero MV, Gutiérrez Álvarez JM, Lucas Gómez, García Lozano JJ.Manejo terapéutico de la hiperglucemia en la diabetes tipo 2. Antidiabéticos orales. Medicine. 2012;11(18):1073–81.

  17. Bandello F, Vaz Cunha J, Chong NV, Lang GE, Massin P, Mitchell P, et al. Recomendaciones de un panel de expertos. Nuevos métodos de tratamiento contra edema macular diabético Evaluación de las investigaciones sobre nuevos métodos de tratamiento del edema macular diabético que podrían mejorar la visión. Eye. 2012;19.

  18. Pereira E. Retinopatía diabética. Nuevas perspectivas en Oftalmología. España: Glosa; 2005.

  19. Grading diabetic retinopathy from stereoscopic color fundus photographs an extension of the modified Airlie House classification. ETDRS report number 10.Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study research group. Ophthalmology. 1991;98:786806.

  20. Bloomgarden TZ. Diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes Care. 2008;31:10803.

  21. Midena E. Microperimetría. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2006;81(4):1836.

  22. Vujosevic S, Pilotto E, Bottega E, Benetti E, Cavarzeran F, Midena E, et al. Retinal fixation impairment in diabetic macular edema. Retina. 2008;28(10):144350.

  23. Roy MS. Diabetic retinopathy in African Americans with type I diabetes: the New Jersey 725, Part II. Risk Factors. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000;118:10519.

  24. Sigler A, Jiménez J, Gómez R. Análisis de algunas variables clínicas en relación con la retinopatía diabética. Rev Cubana Oftalmol. 1996;9:1227.

  25. Janghorbani M, Jones RB, Murray KJ. Allison SP. Incidence of and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in diabetic clinic attenders. Ophthalmic Epidemiology. 2001;(5):30925.

  26. Shah VA, Chalam KV. Values for macular perimetry using the MP1 microperimeter in normal subjects. Ophthalmic Res. 2009;41(1):913.

  27. Fouces Gutiérrez Y, Galindo Reymond K, Navarro Scott M, Díaz Valdivia H. Nuestra experiencia en el tratamiento de la retinopatía diabética con fotocoagulación en la Misión Milagro, en Jagüey Grande. MEDISAN [Internet]. 2007 [citado 12 Abr 2013];11(2):[aprox. 8 p.]. Disponible en: http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/san/vol11_2_07/san05207.htm

  28. López Gálvez MI, Pastor Jimeno JC. Evaluación de la eficacia y seguridad de la inyección intravítrea de acetónido de triamcinolona en el tratamiento del edema de mácula difuso del diabético. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol.2009;84(11):4553.

  29. Maciques Rodríguez JE, Redondo Piñó LR, Licea Puig M, Santana Pérez F. Uso intravítreo de la triamcinolona en el edema macular diabético. Rev Med Fac Cub Oft. 2009;2(3):2832.

  30. Chew EY, Klein ML, Ferris FL, Remaley NA, Murphy RP, et al. Association of elevated serum lipid levels with retinal hard exudate in diabetic retinopathy : Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS). 1996;114(9):107984.

  31. Meyer CH. Current treatment approaches in diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmologica. 2007;221:11831.

  32. Ergün UG, Oztüzün S, Seydaoglu G. Lipoprotein (A) levels in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy. Med J Malaysia. 2004;59(3):40610.

  33. Dusova J, Studnicka J, Rencova E, Korda V, Hcjcmanova D. Triamcinolone in the treatment of the diabetic macular edema one year results. Cesk Slov Oftalmol. 2008;64:14952.

  34. Sender Palacios MJ, Vernet Vernet M, Maseras Bové M, Salvador Playà A, Pascual Batlle L, Ondategui Parra JC, et al. Oftalmopatía en la diabetes mellitus: detección desde la Atención Primaria de salud. 2011;43(1):41–8.

  35. Maia OO, Takahashi BS, Costa RA, Scott IU, Takahashi WY. Combined laser and intravitreal triamcinolone for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and macular edema: one years results of a randomized clinical trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 2009;147:29197.

  36. Klein BE, Moss SE, Klein R, Surawicz TS. The Wisconsin Epidemiology Study of Diabetic Retinopathy, XIII. Relationship of serum cholesterol to retinopathy and hard exudes. Ophthalmology. 1991;98:12615.

  37. Senturk F, Ozdemir H, Karacorlu M, Karacorlu SA, Uysal O. Microperimetric changes after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection for macular edema due to central retinal vein occlusion. Retina. 2010;30(8):125461.

  38. NarangS, Sood S, Kaur B, Singh R, Malik A, Kaur J. Atorvastatin in clinically significant macular edema in diabetics with a normal lipid profile. Nep J Ophthal. 2012;4(1):3240.

  39. Andonegui L, Serrano AE. Oftalmología: estado actual y tendencias futures. Anales Sis San Navarra. 2010;33(1):659.

  40. Schoenaker DA, Toeller M, Chaturvedi N, Fuller JH, Soedamah Muthu SS. Dietary saturated fat and fibre and risk of cardiovascular disease and allcause mortality among type 1 diabetic patients: the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study. 2012;55(8):213241.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com