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Órgano Oficial del Colegio Mexicano de Alergia, Asma e Inmunología Pediátrica y de la Asociación Latinoamericana de Pediatría

2013, Number 1

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Alerg Asma Inmunol Pediatr 2013; 22 (1)

Biopsia bronquial y lavado bronquioalveolar en el diagnóstico del asma persistente severa en niños

Huerta LJG, del Olmo TH, Ceballos CS

Language: Spanish
References: 20
Page: 19-28
PDF size: 189.17 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The prevalence of asthma worldwide is estimated at 300 million individuals. Latin America is a region that ranks among the highest incidence, with a percentages higher than 20% in children, mainly under four years old. There are many epidemiological factors in the development of this disease, including the lack of breastfeeding, early introduction of infant formula and dairy foods, passive smoking, early viral infections, environmental contaminants and early exposure to allergens as cockroach droppings and dust mites. In this context it is important to develop timely and accurate diagnoses based on pasymptoms to fi nd the best treatment for each case. Bronchial biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage are straightforward procedures for obtaining samples that reveal the activation and increased infl ammatory cells and mediators in subjects with asthma, compared to subjects without the disease. Exacerbation of asthma is associated with an increase in the numbers and activation of eosinophils in the airway, as well as leukotrines, recipient T cells, killer T cells, prostaglandins, tryptase, soluble adhesion molecules, and lymphocytes. The use of inhaled glucocorticoids in the treatment of severe asthma has proven to be effi cient, but not in all cases, even some patients uncontrolled, with increased doses showed no improvement, in contrast exacerbating counterproductive effects of systemic steroids. It is important to deepen the studies to help us defi ne the symptoms of this entity in its higher severity levels, as well as improving treatments that although can not eradicate it, will help to alleviate the symptoms


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