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ISSN 2594-3006 (Electronic)
ISSN 2007-1752 (Print)
Archivos de Medicina de Urgencia de México

2013, Number 2

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Arch Med Urg Mex 2013; 5 (2)

Pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation

Ballesteros-Flores CG, Martínez-Martínez J, Reyes-Pérez MM, Alarcón-Sánchez LL, Cervantes-Puma LE

Language: Spanish
References: 50
Page: 78-84
PDF size: 196.13 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The ventilator-associated pneumonia occurs in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation for periods longer than 48 hours. Ventilator-associated pneumonia incidence is reported in literature of 10 to 20% of patients. The early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia is defined as pneumonia diagnosed between the third and seventh day. The late-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia is defined as pneumonia diagnosed after the seventh day. Many risk factors contribute to the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia. The most frequent associated are gram-negative bacilli: Aeuriginosa pseudomonas, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (40%), Enterobacter sp (29%), and Gram-positive cocci: Staphylococcus aureus (21%). Set a proper diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia is one of the most important and difficult issues in the care of critically ill patients. There are strategies for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia, but only a few have proven effective. The attributable mortality is still debated, and has been associated with ranges of 20-70%.


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