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2004, Number 4

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Vet Mex 2004; 35 (4)

Immunization of BALB/c mice with an antigen from Trichinella spira

Bautista GCR, Posadas BA, Ixta RO

Language: English/Spanish
References: 70
Page: 359-368
PDF size: 273.94 Kb.


ABSTRACT

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the adjuvant capacity of Lactobacillus casei with larval antigens from Trichinella spiralis. Fifty BALB/c mice were allocated into five groups of ten animals each, divided into two subgroups (A and B) of five mice each. The treatments were administered by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) route as follows: Group 1 (G1) physiologic saline solution; Group 2 (G2) viable Lactobacillus casei (vLc); Group 3 (G3) vLc and soluble extract from T. spiralis muscle larvae (TspMLAg); Group 4 (G4) vLc, TspMLAg and incomplete Freund’s adjuvant; Group 5 (G5) TspMLAg in Freund’ s complete adjuvant (FCA). At day 21 all mice were orally challenged with 400 T. spiralis muscle larvae per mouse. Animals in A subgroups were sacrificed at day four post- infection (p.i.) to determine the number of adult worms in the intestine (AWI); while those mice from B subgroups were sacrificed at day 31 p.i. to determine the number of larvae per gram of muscle tissue (LPGMT). The percentages of reduction of AWI were of 79, 68, 60 and 62 for G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively, all significant (P ‹ 0.01) with respect to the control group G1. The percentages of reduction of LPGMT were of 42.7, 87, 26.7 and 86.7 for G2, G3, G4 and G5, respectively. The maximal reduction of LPGMT observed in G3 and G5 was significant (P ‹ 0.01) with respect to the other groups. It is concluded that viable L. casei behaves as an adjuvant when administered to mice along with T. spiralis antigens.


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  28. Mcguire C,Chan WC, Wakelin D. Nasal immunization with homogenate and peptide antigens induces protective immunity against Trichinella spiralis. Infect Immun 2002; 70: 7149-7152.

  29. Hori T, Kiyoshima J, Shida K, Yasui H. Effect of intranasal administration of Lactobacillus casei shirota on influenza virus infection of upper respiratory tract in mice. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2001; 8: 593-597.

  30. Marinculic A, Gamble HR, Urban JF, Rapic D, Zivicnjak T, Smith HJ, et al. Immunity in swine inoculated with larvae or extracts of a pig isolate and a sylvatic isolate of Trichinella spiralis. Am J Vet Res 1991; 52: 754-758.

  31. Underhill DM, Ozinsky A. Toll-like receptors: key mediators of microbe detection. Curr Opin Immunol 2002;14:103-110.

  32. Nagao F, Nakayama M, Muto T, Okumura K. Effects of fermented milk drink containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on the immune system in healthy human subjects. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64: 2706-2708.

  33. Matsuguchi T, Takagi A, Matsuzaki T, Nagaoka M, Ishikawa K, et al. Lipoteichoic acids from Lactobacillus strains elicit strong tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducing activities in macrophages through Toll-like receptor 2. Clin Diagnos Lab Immunol 2003; 10:259-266.

  34. Evans JT, Cluff CW, Johnson DA, Lacy MJ, Persing DH, Baldridge JR. Enhancement of antigen-specific immunity via TLR4 ligands MPL adjuvant and Ribi.529. Exper Rev Vaccines 2003;2:219-229.

  35. Singh M, O’Hagan DT. Recent advances in veterinary vaccine adjuvants. Int J Parasitol 2003;33:469-478.

  36. Gasbarre LC, Eighton EA, Sonstegard T. Role of the bovine immune system and genome in resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes. Vet Parasitol 2001; 98: 51-64.

  37. Daly CM, Mayrhofer G, Dent La. Trapping and immobilization of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis larvae at the site of inoculation in primary infections of interleukin-5 transgenic mice. Infect Immun1999 67: 5315-5323.

  38. Ouellette M. Biochemical and molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in parasites. Trop Med Int Health 2001; 6: 874-882.

  39. Cornelissen AW, Schetters TP. Vaccines against protozoal diseases of veterinary importance. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 1996; 15: 61-72.

  40. Brake DA. Vaccinology for control of apicomplexan parasites: a simplified language of immune programming and its use in vaccine design. Int J Parasitol 2002; 32: 509-515.

  41. Marciani DJ. Vaccine adjuvants: role and mechanisms of action in vaccine immunogenicity. Drug Discov Today 2003; 8:934-943.

  42. Bautista-Garfias CR,Zeron-Bravo F,De la Jara-Alcocer F, Flores-Castro R. Effect of three immunostimulants on the resistance against Trichinella spiralis infection in mice (preliminary report). Arch Med Res 1995; 26: 91-93.

  43. Bautista-Garfias CR, Ixta-Rodriguez O, Martinez-Gomez F, Lopez MG, Aguilar-Figueroa BR. Effect of viable or dead Lactobacillus casei organisms administered orally to mice on resistance against Trichinella spiralis infection. Parasite 2001; 8: s226-228.

  44. Kato I, Tanaka K, Yokokura T. Lactic acid bacterium potently induces the production of interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma by mouse splenocytes. Int J Immunopharmacol 1999; 21: 121-131.

  45. Perdigon G, De Macias ME, Alvarez S, Oliver G, De Ruiz Holgado AA. Effect of perorally administered lactobacilli on macrophage activation in mice. Infect Immun 1986; 53: 404-410.

  46. Perdigon G,De Macias ME,Alvarez S,oliver G, De Ruiz Holgado AP Systemic augmentation of the immune response in mice by feeding fermented milks with Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Immunology 1988; 63: 17-23.

  47. Bautista-Garfias CR, Ixta-Rodriguez O, Martinez-Gomez F, Lopez MG, Aguilar-Figueroa B, Cortes a enhancement of resistance in mice treated with Lactobacillus casei: effect on Trichinella spiralis infection. Vet Parasitol 1999; 80: 251-260.

  48. Bautista-Garfias CR, Fernández AR, Posadas-Beltrán A, Ixta-Rodríguez O. Efecto del tratamiento oral e intraperitoneal de ratones BALB/c con Lactobacillus casei sobre el establecimiento de adultos de Trichinella spiralis. Tec Pecu Mex 2002; 40: 165-168.

  49. Murrell KD, Pozio E. Trichinellosis: the zoonosis that won’t go quietly. Int J Parasitol 2000; 30: 1339-1349.

  50. Perdigon G, Alvarez S, Pesce de Ruiz Holgado A Immunoadjuvant activity of oral Lactobacillus casei: influence of dose on the secretory immune response and protective capacity in intestinal infections. J Dairy Res 1991; 58: 485-496.

  51. Isolauri E, Joensuu J, Suomalainen H, Luomala M, Vesikari T. Improved immunogenicity of oral D x RRV reassortant rotavirus vaccine by Lactobacillus casei gg. Vaccine 1995; 13: 310-312.

  52. De Waard R, Garssen J, Snel J, Bokken GC, Sako T, Veld JH, et al. Enhanced antigen-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity and immunoglobulin g2b responses after oral administration of viable Lactobacillus casei YIT9029 in wistar and brown norway rats. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2001; 8: 762-767.

  53. Slaton Blair L, Laboratory techniques. in campbell w.c. editor: Trichinella and trichinosis. New York Plenum Press: 1983, 563-570.

  54. Jungery M, Clark NW, Parkhouse RM. A Major change in surface antigens during the maturation of newborn larvae of Trichinella spiralis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1983; 7: 101-109.

  55. Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ. Protein measurement with the folin-phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 1951; 193: 265-268.

  56. Darwish RA, Sanad MM, Youssef SM. Immunization against Trichinella spiralis using antigens from different life-cycle stages experimental study in mice. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 1996; 26: 19-26.

  57. Olivares Sáenz E. Paquete de diseños experimentales. Marín (NL) México. Facultad de Agronomía. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León: 1994.

  58. Parkhouse RM, Clark NW. Stage specific secreted and somatic antigens of Trichinella spiralis. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1983; 9: 319-327.

  59. Parkhouse RM, Ortega-Pierres G. Stage-specific antigens of Trichinella spiralis. Parasitology 1984; 88: 623-630.

  60. Robinson K, Bellaby T, Wakelin D. Vaccination against the nematode Trichinella spiralis in high- and low-responder mice. Effects of different adjuvants upon protective immunity and immune responsiveness. Immunology 1994; 82: 261-267.

  61. Gamble HR, Murrell KD, Marti HP. Inoculation of pigs against Trichinella spiralis, using larval excretory-secretory antigens. Am J Vet Res 1986; 47: 2396-2399.

  62. Tsuji N,Suzuki K, Kasuga-Aoki H, Matsumoto y, Arakawa T, Ishiwata K, et al. Intranasal immunization with recombinant ascaris suum 14-kilodalton antigen coupled with cholera toxin B subunit induces protective immunity to A. suum infection in mice. Infect Immun 2001; 69: 7285-7292.

  63. Mcguire C,Chan WC, Wakelin D. Nasal immunization with homogenate and peptide antigens induces protective immunity against Trichinella spiralis. Infect Immun 2002; 70: 7149-7152.

  64. Hori T, Kiyoshima J, Shida K, Yasui H. Effect of intranasal administration of Lactobacillus casei shirota on influenza virus infection of upper respiratory tract in mice. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2001; 8: 593-597.

  65. Marinculic A, Gamble HR, Urban JF, Rapic D, Zivicnjak T, Smith HJ, et al. Immunity in swine inoculated with larvae or extracts of a pig isolate and a sylvatic isolate of Trichinella spiralis. Am J Vet Res 1991; 52: 754-758.

  66. Underhill DM, Ozinsky A. Toll-like receptors: key mediators of microbe detection. Curr Opin Immunol 2002;14:103-110.

  67. Nagao F, Nakayama M, Muto T, Okumura K. Effects of fermented milk drink containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota on the immune system in healthy human subjects. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2000; 64: 2706-2708.

  68. Matsuguchi T, Takagi A, Matsuzaki T, Nagaoka M, Ishikawa K, et al. Lipoteichoic acids from Lactobacillus strains elicit strong tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducing activities in macrophages through Toll-like receptor 2. Clin Diagnos Lab Immunol 2003; 10:259-266.

  69. Evans JT, Cluff CW, Johnson DA, Lacy MJ, Persing DH, Baldridge JR. Enhancement of antigen-specific immunity via TLR4 ligands MPL adjuvant and Ribi. 529. Exper Rev Vaccines 2003;2:219-229.

  70. Singh M, O’Hagan DT. Recent advances in veterinary vaccine adjuvants. Int J Parasitol 2003;33:469-478.




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