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2013, Number 105

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Rev Enfer Infec Pediatr 2013; 26.27 (105)

Ventilation-associated pneumonia in newborns: Risk factors

López-Candiani C, Macías-Avilés HA

Language: Spanish
References: 26
Page: 335-341
PDF size: 252.31 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background Ventilation associated pneumonia is among principal causes of nosocomial infections. It impairs local defense mechanisms; increases cost and hospital stay. The aim of this research was identified risk factors to develop ventilation associated pneumonia.
Patients and methods It included a cohort of 101 neonates undergoing ventilation in two years at a public hospital pediatric specialty of Mexico City. Demographic data were recorded, ventilation and evolution. Associated pneumonia was seen after 48 h of ventilation, with clinical and radiological criteria.
Results 17% had ventilator associated pneumonia. It was more frequent with less gestational age, number reintubations, duration of ventilation, supplementary oxygen days and length of hospital stay (All with p ‹ 0.01). Risk was increased in male (OR 7.1, IC 95% 1.5 - 33) and very low birth weight (OR 3.5; IC 95% 1 - 12). In newborns with pneumonia also increased the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (OR 11.3; IC95% 3.5 - 36) and death (OR 5.4; IC 95% 1.6 - 18).
Conclusions Infant newborns under mechanical ventilation and prematurity, very low birth weight, male with many reintubations and different tubes are in high risk of ventilator associated pneumonia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and death.


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